Proving a concept of flexible under-frequency load shedding with hardware-in-the-loop testing

Sodin, Denis (author), Ilievska, Rajne (author), Čampa, Andrej (author), Smolnikar, Miha (author), Rudež, Urban (author)

It is widely recognized that in the transition from conventional electrical power systems (EPSs) towards smart grids, electrical voltage frequency will be greatly affected. This is why this research is extremely valuable, especially since rate-of-change-of-frequency (RoCoF) is often considered as a potential means of resolving newly arisen problems, but is often challenged in practice due to the noise and its oscillating character. In this paper, the authors further developed and tested one of the new technologies related to under-frequency load shedding (UFLS) protection. Since the basic idea was to enhance the selected technology’s readiness level, a hardware-in-the-loop (HIL) setup with an RTDS was assembled. The under-frequency technology was implemented in an intelligent electronic device (IED) and included in the HIL setup. The IED acted as one of several protection devices, representing a last-resort system protection scheme. All main contributions of this research deal with using RoCoF in an innovative UFLS scheme under test: (i) appropriate selection and parameterization of RoCoF filtering techniques does not worsen under-frequency load shedding during fast-occurring events, (ii) locally measured RoCoF can be effectively used for bringing a high level of flexibility to a system-wide scheme, and (iii) diversity of relays and RoCoF-measuring techniques is an advantage, not a drawback.

• Language: English
• Keywords: under-frequency load shedding, intelligent electronic device, proof of concept, hardware-in-the-loop testing, real-time digital simulator, frequency stability margin, rate-of-change-of-frequency
• Work type: Article
• Typology: 1.01 - Original Scientific Article
• Organization: FE - Faculty of Electrical Engineering
• Publication status: Published
• Publication version: Version of Record
• Year: 2020
• Number of pages: 17 str.
• Numbering: Vol. 13, iss. 14, art. 3607
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-133787
• UDC: 537
• ISSN on article: 1996-1073
• DOI: 10.3390/en13143607
• COBISS.SI-ID: 24709891
• Publication date in RUL: 15.12.2021

Record is a part of a journal

• Title: Energies
• Shortened title: Energies
• Publisher: Molecular Diversity Preservation International
• ISSN: 1996-1073
• COBISS.SI-ID: 518046745

Licences

• License: CC BY 4.0, Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International
• Link: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
• Description: This is the standard Creative Commons license that gives others maximum freedom to do what they want with the work as long as they credit the author.
• Licensing start date: 13.07.2020

Secondary language

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: podfrekvenčno razbremenjevanje, pametne elektronske naprave, potrditev koncepta, preizkušanje v zaprti zanki, simulator za dinamičlne izračune v realnem času, rezerva