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Configurational Electronic States in Layered Transition Metal Dichalcogenides
ID Vodeb, Jaka (Author), ID Mihailović, Dragan (Mentor) More about this mentor... This link opens in a new window, ID Kabanov, Viktor V. (Comentor)

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Abstract
Mesoscopic irregularly ordered and even amorphous self-assembled electronic structures were recently reported in two-dimensional metallic dichalcogenides (TMDs), created and manipulated with short light pulses or by charge injection. Apart from promising new all-electronic memory devices, such states are of great fundamental importance, since such aperiodic states cannot be described in terms of conventional charge-density-wave (CDW) physics. In this thesis, we first address the problem of metastable mesoscopic configurational charge ordering in TMDs with a sparsely filled charged lattice gas model in which electrons are subject only to screened Coulomb repulsion. The model correctly predicts commensurate CDW states corresponding to different TMDs at magic filling fractions $f_m=1/3,1/4,1/9,1/13,1/16$. Doping away from $f_m$ results either in multiple near degenerate configurational states, or an amorphous state at the correct density observed by scanning tunneling microscopy. Quantum fluctuations between degenerate states predict a quantum charge liquid at low temperatures, revealing a new generalized viewpoint on both regular, irregular and amorphous charge ordering in transition metal dichalcogenides. During the development of our model we also found it useful in three other examples of experiments. The first application of the model deals with theoretical modeling of the non-equilibrium amorphous state in 1T-TaS$_2$. The second application deals with quantum billiards of correlated electrons confined in triangular transition metal dichalcogenide monolayer nanostructures created by laser quench. The third and last application of our model deals with a time-domain phase diagram of metastable states in a charge ordered quantum material. Finally, we extend our classical version of the model to the quantum regime and deploy it on D-Wave’s quantum computer. We explore the observation of quantum domain melting and its simulation with a quantum computer.

Language:English
Keywords:charge density waves, transition metal dichalcogenides, polarons, charged lattice gas model, Monte Carlo simulations, glasses, phase transitions and critical phenomena, scanning tunnelling microscopy, quantum computing, quantum annealing
Work type:Doctoral dissertation
Typology:2.08 - Doctoral Dissertation
Organization:FMF - Faculty of Mathematics and Physics
Year:2021
PID:20.500.12556/RUL-133565 This link opens in a new window
COBISS.SI-ID:85138691 This link opens in a new window
Publication date in RUL:01.12.2021
Views:1343
Downloads:164
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Secondary language

Language:Slovenian
Title:Konfiguracijska elektronska stanja v plastovitih prehodno kovinskih dihalkogenidih
Abstract:
Nedavne raziskave poročajo o mezoskopskih nepravilno urejenih in celo amorfnih samosestavljenih elektronskih strukturah v dvodimenzionalnih prehodno kovinskih dikalkogenidih (PKD), ustvarjenih in manipuliranih s kratkimi svetlobnimi impulzi ali z injekcijo naboja. Poleg tega, da obetajo nove vseelektronske pomnilniške naprave, so takšna stanja zelo pomembna, saj takšnih aperiodičnih stanj ni mogoče opisati s konvencionalno fiziko valov gostote naboja (VGN). V tej disertaciji najprej obravnavamo problem metastabilnega mezoskopskega konfiguracijskega urejanja naboja v PKD z modelom redkega nabitega plina na rešetki, v katerem med elektroni obstaja le senčen Coulombov odboj. Model pravilno napoveduje komenzurabilna stanja VGN, ki ustrezajo različnim PKD pri magičnih polnilih $f_m=1/3,1/4,1/9,1/13,1/16$. Dopiranje stran od $f_m$ povzroči bodisi več skoraj degeneriranih konfiguracijskih stanj, bodisi amorfno stanje pri določenem polnilu, ki ga opazimo z vrstično tunelsko mikroskopijo. Kvantne fluktuacije med degeneriranimi stanji napovedujejo kvantno tekočino nabojev pri nizkih temperaturah, kar razkriva nov posplošen pogled na urejeno, neurejeno in amorfno ureditev naboja v prehodno kovinskih dikalkogenidih. Med razvojem našega modela za razumevanje univerzalnih komenzurabilnih struktur VGN v PKD smo ugotovili, da je uporaben tudi pri drugih nepredvidenih aplikacijah v primeru različnih eksperimentov. V tej disertaciji predstavljamo tri tovrstne primere. Prva uporaba modela se nanaša na teoretično modeliranje neravnovesnega amorfnega stanja v 1T-TaS$_2$. Druga uporaba našega modela se nanaša na kvantni biljard koreliranih elektronov, ki so omejeni v trikotnih enoslojnih nanostrukturah prehodno kovinskega dikalkogenida, ustvarjenih z laserskimi sunki. Tretja in zadnja aplikacija našega modela se ukvarja s faznim diagramom metastabilnih stanj v kvantnem materialu z urejenim nabojem v časovni domeni. Nazadnje smo našo klasično različico modela razširili na kvantni režim in jo uporabili na kvantnem računalniku D-Wave. Raziskali smo opazovanje taljenja kvantnih domen in njegovo simulacijo s kvantnim računalnikom.

Keywords:valovi gostote naboja, prehodno kovinski dikalkogenidi, polaroni, model nabitega plina na rešetki, simulacije Monte Carlo, stekla, fazni prehodi in kritični pojavi, vrstična tunelska mikroskopija, kvantno računalništvo, kvantno žarjenje

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