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Kršitve človekovih pravic v slovenskih zaporih : diplomsko delo
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Širovnik, Lana Marija
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),
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Nikolić, Bruno
(
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)
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Abstract
Pogled na človekove pravice in temeljne svoboščine je zanimiv. Njihova razlaga je kljub njihovi splošnosti ter dejstvu, da so opredeljene z ustavo in drugimi zakoni, odvisna od okoliščin, v katerih je posameznik. Za človeka so najpomembnejše tiste, ki jih nima in zapor je dober primer tega. Letno se v zaporih Republike Slovenije poroča o številnih kršitvah človekovih pravic in temeljnih svoboščin. Samo leta 2019 je bilo naslovljenih na varuha človekovih pravic 64 pritožb s strani obsojencev ter 26 pritožb s strani pripornikov. V diplomski nalogi se osredotočamo na najpogostejše kršitve človekovih pravic in temeljnih svoboščin zapornikov med prestajanjem kazni. Raziskali smo pravne možnosti zapornikov v primeru kršenja človekovih pravic in temeljnih svoboščin med prestajanjem zaporne kazni, uveljavljanje sodnega varstva v primeru kršitev ter vlogo varuha človekovih pravic. Za pisanje teoretičnega dela smo v diplomski nalogi uporabili deskriptivno metodo, s pomočjo katere smo na podlagi letnih poročil Varuha opredelili najpogostejše kršitve človekovih pravic in temeljnih svoboščin med prestajanjem kazni. Za raziskovanje pravnih možnosti zapornikov v primeru kršitev smo uporabili analizo pravnih virov. Za raziskavo glede kršenja človekovih pravic v slovenskih zaporih pa smo izvedli anketo med nekdanjimi obsojenci ter analizirali izbrane primere sodne prakse nacionalnih in mednarodnih sodišč. Analiza je pokazala, da se najpogostejše kršitve v zavodih za prestajanje zaporne kazni v RS nanašajo na prezasedenost sob. Ugotovili smo, da rezultati ankete odražajo enako sliko, kot jo odražajo podatki, zbrani s pomočjo statističnih podatkov varuha ter sodne prakse. Glede pravnih možnosti zapornikov smo ugotovili, da gredo slednji lahko neposredno v sodne postopke, lahko pa najprej poskušajo urediti zadevo po neformalni poti. Tako v Sloveniji kot na ravni EU imamo različno zakonodajo, ki varuje človekove pravice in temeljne svoboščine ter določa, kako ukrepati v primeru kršenja te. Glede na to, da v RS kljub zakonskemu okvirju tako na mednarodni kot nacionalni ravni še vedno prihaja do velikega števila pritožb glede kršenja človekovih pravic in temeljnih svoboščin, bi morali pristojni organi omenjeni problematiki nameniti več časa in pozornosti. Že samo ena kršitev človekovih pravic je preveč, dvomestno število na letni ravni pa zbuja skrb. Dejstvo, da posameznik kot obsojenec pristane v zaporu, ni opravičilo za kršenje človekovih pravic in temeljnih svoboščin.
Language:
Slovenian
Keywords:
: zaporniki
,
človekove pravice
,
zapor
,
zaporna kazen
,
življenje obsojencev
,
kršitve
Work type:
Bachelor thesis/paper
Typology:
2.11 - Undergraduate Thesis
Organization:
FU - Faculty of Administration
Place of publishing:
Ljubljana
Publisher:
[L. M. Širovnik]
Year:
2021
Number of pages:
IX, 52 str.
PID:
20.500.12556/RUL-132570
UDC:
343.211.3:343.26(497.4)
COBISS.SI-ID:
83809539
Publication date in RUL:
29.10.2021
Views:
1936
Downloads:
246
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Secondary language
Language:
English
Title:
Violation of human rights in Slovenian prison facilities
Abstract:
The view of human rights is interesting. Their interpretation is, despite their generality and the fact that they are defined with the Constitution and other laws, reliant upon the individual's circumstances. The most important rights are those a person lacks in a certain environment and prison is a good example. Annually, many human and fundamental rights violations are reported in the Republic of Slovenia's prisons. In 2019 alone, the Ombudsman office received 64 complaints issued by the convicted and 26 by detainees. This paper focuses on the most common human rights violations among prisoners serving their sentences. We investigated legal possibilities for prisoners experiencing human rights violations while serving their sentences. We focused on how they can exercise judicial and Ombudsman protection. The theoretical part utilized description to define the most common human rights violations during imprisonment. Prisoners' legal possibilities were researched with the analysis of legal sources. To investigate human rights violations in Slovenian prisons, we have surveyed former prisoners and analyzed the selected cases from national and international courts. The analysis showed that the most common violation of human rights refers to overcrowded living quarters. Our survey results were conclusive with the data collected with the help of the Ombudsman's statistical data and case law. Regarding the prisoners' legal possibilities, we have discovered that they can start a procedure directly or try settling it informally. Slovenia and the European Union have different legislation about human rights and how to act if they're violated. Despite national and international legal framework, the number of human rights violations in Slovenia is still high. Therefore competent authorities should focus more time and effort on this issue. Even one violation is too much, and a two-digit figure on an annual basis is worrisome. Serving a sentence in prison is in no way an excuse to have one's human or fundamental rights violated.
Keywords:
prisoners
,
human rights
,
prison
,
prison sentence
,
life of prisoners
,
violation
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