Kineziološko-psihološka intervencija za razvoj koordinacije in ravnotežja za deklico s posebnimi potrebami: študija primera : magistrsko delo

Pečnik, Eva (avtor), Cecić Erpič, Saša (mentor), Tomažin, Katja (komentor)

Namen magistrskega dela je bil oblikovati 12-tedenski program za vadbo ravnotežja in koordinacije za deklico s posebnimi potrebami in ugotoviti uspešnost intervencije. Cilji intervencije v sklopu magistrskega dela so bili: (1) oblikovati učinkovit program vadbe ravnotežja in koordinacije, ki se lahko izvaja v domačem okolju, (2) preveriti njegov učinek na samozaznavanje telesne samopodobe in gibalne kompetentnosti ter počutje, (3) preveriti njegove učinke na izvedbo izbranih gibalnih nalog. V kineziološko-psihološko intervencijo magistrskega dela je bila vključena 12-letna deklica s primanjkljaji na posameznih področjih učenja, in sicer z neverbalnimi specifičnimi učnimi težavami ali desnohemisfernim sindromom ter razvojno motnjo koordinacije ali dispraksijo. Diagnozam so skupne težave na gibalnem področju, pojavljajo pa se lahko tudi težave na psihosocialnem področju v obliki slabšega samozaznavanja gibalne učinkovitosti, nizke samopodobe in socialnega umika. Za preverjanje doseganja ciljev smo uporabili Baterijo za oceno otrokovega gibanja 2 (ABC 2), test integracije leve in desne strani telesa iz testne baterije Profil ocene posebnih potreb 3 (SNAP-3), različne teste ravnotežja in koordinacije, prilagojene dekličinim sposobnostim, kriterije za oceno kakovosti gibanja, Vprašalnik telesne samopodobe (PSDQ; Marsh), intervju samozaznavanja gibalne kompetentnosti, opažanja za posamezno vadbeno enoto vodene vadbe ter prilagojeno Lestvico počutja Gibanje za voljo (GiVo). Z analizo rezultatov smo ugotovili, da je deklica v programu 12-tedenske intervencije napredovala na področju ravnotežja in koordinacije ter delno izboljšala samozaznavanje gibalne kompetentnosti. Zvišala se je dekličina telesna samopodoba, med vadbo pa se je delno izboljšalo tudi njeno počutje. Napredek oziroma delni napredek na opazovanih področjih je pokazal, da je program vadbe ravnotežja in koordinacije ustrezno oblikovan, saj je deklici nudil izziv in motivacijo za učenje ter napredovanje. V času intervencije je program dvignil njeno gibalno dejavnost. Kljub napredku na vseh področjih, gibalne težave niso bile odpravljanje, a so bile prisotne v manjšem obsegu.

• Jezik: Slovenski jezik
• Ključne besede: otroci s posebnimi potrebami, ravnotežje, koordinacija, kineziološka intervencija, psihološka intervencija
• Vrsta gradiva: Magistrsko delo/naloga
• Tipologija: 2.09 - Magistrsko delo
• Organizacija: FŠ - Fakulteta za šport
• Leto izida: 2021
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-131773
• COBISS.SI-ID: 82615555
• Datum objave v RUL: 03.10.2021

Sekundarni jezik

• Jezik: Angleški jezik
• Naslov: Kinesiological-Psychiological Intervention of Developing Coordination and Balance for a Girl With Special Needs: A Case Study

Izvleček

The master's thesis’ aim was to design a 12-week training program for developing balance and coordination for a girl with special needs and to determine the success of the intervention. The objectives of the master's thesis’ intervention were to: (1) create an appropriate training program with exercises for developing balance and coordination that can be performed at home, (2) check the effects of the intervention on the self-perception of physical self-concept, motor competence and the well-being, (3) check the effects of the intervention on the performance of chosen motor tasks. In the kinesiological-psychological intervention, a 12-year-old girl with deficits in specific areas of learning was involved. She was diagnosed with non-verbal specific learning difficulties or right hemispheric syndrome and developmental coordination disorder or dyspraxia. Motor problems are affected by both diagnoses and also psychosocial problems can occur. Psychosocial problems show as lower self-perception of motor competence, low self-esteem and social withdrawal. To verify the achievement of the objectives, we used the Movement Assessment Battery for Children 2 (MABC 2), the integration test from the test battery Special Needs Assessment Profile 3 (SNAP-3), various balance and coordination tests adapted to girl’s abilities, a movement quality assessment criteria, Physical Self Description Questionnaire (PSDQ; Marsh), a self-perception of motor competence interview, observations of individual guided training units and an adjusted Scale of well-being Movement for the will (GiVo). By analysing the results, we found that the girl included in the 12-week intervention program partially improved her balance and coordination. During the intervention the girl's physical self-concept increased, motor competence partially increased, and her well-being partially improved after the training. Progress or partial progress in the observed areas showed that the training program for developing balance and coordination was properly designed, as it offered a challenge and motivation to learn, and progress for the girl. The designed program also raised her physical activity during the intervention. Despite progress in all areas, motor problems have not been eliminated but have been present to a lesser extent.

• Ključne besede: children with special needs, balance, coordination, kinesiological intervention, psychological intervention