Vpliv epidemioloških ukrepov proti covidu-19 na duševno zdravje otrok in mladostnikov : diplomsko delo

Černigoj, Sabina (author), Kavčič, Tina (mentor), Thaler, Darja (reviewer)

Uvod: Na Kitajskem se je decembra leta 2019 prvič pojavila nova bolezen, poimenovana covid-19, in od marca leta 2020 je bila bolezen potrjena kot pandemija. Bolezen se je razširila v približno 210 različnih držav po svetu; izbruh covida-19 je terjal sprejetje različnih ukrepov za obvladovanje pandemije, ki so močno vplivali na počutje in duševno zdravje posameznikov. Stroge karantenske omejitve, začasno ukinjanje šolskih aktivnostih, fizičnih in socialnih medsebojnih interakcij so privedli do različnih težav z duševnim zdravjem, kot so strah, tesnoba, depresija in težave s spanjem med prebivalstvom; ukrepi za nadzor nad prenosom in zagotavljanje zaščite prebivalstva so močno spremenili vsakdanje življenje ljudi. Namen: Namen diplomskega dela je bil ugotoviti, kakšen vpliv imajo različni epidemiološki ukrepi na duševno zdravje in psihološko počutje otrok in mladostnikov. Metode dela: Uporabljena je bila deskriptivna metoda dela s sistematičnim pregledom domače in tuje strokovne literature v slovenskem in angleškem jeziku. Za iskanje literature so bile uporabljene podatkovne baze in iskalniki: MedLine, Science Direct, iskalniki PubMed, Google učenjak in DiKUL, preko mrežnika oddaljenega dostopa. Potek iskanja literature je bil prikazan s pomočjo PRISMA priporočil. Za pregled in analizo je bilo vključenih 11 enot literature, ki so ustrezale vključitvenim kriterijem. Rezultati: Rezultati so pokazali, da so ukrepi za zajezitev covida-19, kot so socialna izolacija in izvajanje pouka na daljavo, pomembno vplivali na duševno zdravje in psihološko počutje otrok in mladostnikov. V mnogih raziskavah je bil ugotovljen porast simptomov depresije, tesnobe. Otroci so v različnih raziskavah poročali o spremembah in težavah na področju prehrane, ritmu spanja, razpoloženja in motivacije za šolske obveznosti. Otroci in mladostniki, ki so bili vključeni v raziskave, so poročali o povečanju strahu in zaskrbljenosti glede morebitne okužbe, prihodnosti izobraževanja, zunajšolskih dejavnosti in druženja s sovrstniki. Razprava in zaključek: Rezultati raziskav nakazujejo, da so otroci in mladostniki ranljivi za psihološke vplive, povezane z omejitvami, ki jih je prinesla pandemija, in poudarjajo potrebo po zmanjšanju psihološkega bremena in nujnost oblikovanja ukrepov, usmerjenih k preprečevanju in zmanjševanju težav v duševnem zdravju otrok in mladostnikov. V diplomskem delu smo ugotovili, da bi bilo potrebno nameniti večjo pozornost posledicam, ki jih socialna izolacija in karantena pustita na duševnem zdravju otrok in mladostnikom in temu primerno v prihodnjih izbruhih covida-19 prilagoditi omejitvene ukrepe.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: diplomska dela, zdravstvena nega, duševno zdravje, otroci, mladostniki, covid-19, psihološki vpliv
• Work type: Bachelor thesis/paper
• Typology: 2.11 - Undergraduate Thesis
• Organization: ZF - Faculty of Health Sciences
• Place of publishing: Ljubljana
• Publisher: [S. Černigoj]
• Year: 2021
• Number of pages: 26 str.
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-131570
• UDC: 616-083
• COBISS.SI-ID: 78564355
• Publication date in RUL: 29.09.2021

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: Impact of epidemiological measures against covid-19 on the mental health of children and adolescents : diploma work

Abstract

Introduction: A new disease called covid-19 first appeared in China in December 2019 and since March 2020, the disease has been confirmed as a pandemic. The disease spread to about 210 different countries around the world and the outbreak of covid-19 required various measures to control the pandemic, which greatly affected the well-being and mental health of individuals. Strict quarantine restrictions, suspension of school activities, and physical and social isolation have led to various mental health problems, such as fear, anxiety, depression, and sleep problems among the population. Measures to control transmission and ensure the protection of the population have strongly affected people's daily lives. Purpose: The purpose of this thesis is to determine the impact of various epidemiological measures on the mental health and psychological well-being of children and adolescents. Methods: A descriptive method was used with a systematic review of domestic and foreign literature published in Slovenian and English. Databases and search engines that were used were MedLine, ScienceDirect, PubMed search engines, Google Scholar, and DiKUL via a remote access network. The search process was shown with the help of the PRISMA recommendations. 11 units that met the inclusion criteria were included for review and analysis. Results: The results showed that measures to contain covid-19 such as social isolation and distance education, had a significant impact on the mental health and psychological well-being of children and adolescents. Many studies found an increase in symptoms of depression and anxiety. In various studies, children reported changes and problems in their diet, sleeping rhythm, mood, and motivation for school obligations. Children and adolescents included in the research reported an increase in fear and concern about possible infection, the future of education, out-of-school activities, and socializing with peers. Discussion and conclusion: Research results suggest that children and adolescents are vulnerable to the psychological impacts associated with the constraints brought on by the pandemic and highlight the need to reduce the psychological burden and the need to develop measures aimed at preventing and reducing mental health problems in children and adolescents. In this thesis, we found that it is necessary to pay more attention to the consequences of social isolation and quarantine on the mental health of children and adolescents and adjust the restrictive measures accordingly in future outbreaks of covid-19.

• Keywords: diploma theses, nursing care, mental health, children, adolescents, covid-19, psychological impact