Merilni sistem za merjenje karakteristik motorja

REŠČIČ, JAN (author), Bojkovski, Jovan (mentor)

Diplomsko delo govori o izdelavi merilnega sistema v podjetju MEDS. Gre za merilni sistem za merjenje karakteristik motorja: samodržni vrtilni moment (angl.: cogging torque), trenje (angl.: friction) in harmoniki (angl.: harmonics). V MEDS se pri vsakodnevnih meritvah srečujejo z množico problemov in izzivov glede točnosti meritev. Problemi glede točnosti meritev se pojavljajo pri meritvah motorjev do 10 min−1. Npr.: pri vrtilni hitrosti 10 min−1 vrtljaji nihajo med 9,5 in 10,5 min−1 in posledično meritve navora niso dovolj točne. Pri višjih vrtilnih hitrostih motorjev (do 1000 min−1) ni problemov z nihanjem vrtljajev. Potencialni vir problemov naj bi predstavljal servo motor. Glavna naloga je bila izdelava merilnega sistema, sestavljenega iz drugačnih komponent, kot tiste uporabljene v obstoječi laboratorijski napravi. Po uspešni izdelavi in programiranju merilnega sistema CFH se je začelo z izvajanjem meritev. Meritve se je opravilo na vzorcih X in Y. Med izvajanjem meritev se je osredotočilo na vrtilno hitrost 10 min−1 in raziskovalo ali tudi pri merilnem sistemu CFH prihaja do problemov nihanja vrtljajev. Rezultate meritev merilnega sistema CFH se je primerjalo z rezultati meritev laboratorijske naprave in ugotavljalo, ali res prihaja do problemov točnosti meritev. Na merilnem sistemu CFH se je na preizkušanih motorjih izvajalo tudi meritve harmonskih komponent pod 1 mNm. Rezultate meritev se je primerjalo z rezultati meritev laboratorijske naprave in prišlo do ugotovitev navedenih v tem diplomskem delu. Po izdelavi merilnega sistema CFH so sledili poskusi različnih kombinacij sklopk, motorjev in nastavitev motorjev. Primerjana sta bila tudi merilna sistema obeh naprav (CFH in laboratorijska naprava). Primerjava rezultatov meritev je pokazala, kaj vse vpliva na navor. Ugotovljeno je bilo, da pri približno enakih velikostih sklopk, dosežemo boljše rezultate meritev z "mehastim tipom sklopke" (angl.: bellows couplings). Najboljše rezultate meritev se je doseglo z najmanjšo "prožno sklopko" (angl.: flexible couplings) podjetja Rudolf Huber GmBH. Zanimivo je, da se je najboljše rezultate meritev doseglo s prožnim tipom sklopke in ne z mehastim. Za pogon je najboljše uporabiti primeren servo motor, katerega je možno parametrično nastavljati, za dosego najboljših rezultatov meritev. Z uporabo reduktorja in vztrajnika se rezultati meritev poslabšajo, saj reduktor prinese dodatne frekvence v rezultat meritve, vztrajnik pa ni zmožen dovolj dobro zadušiti vibracij motorja, ki se prenašajo po gredi. Poslabšanje rezultatov se kaže z večjim samodržnim vrtilnim momentom in s harmoniki ter novimi višjimi frekvencami.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: vrtljaji, navor, motor, sklopka, reduktor, vztrajnik, merilni sistem.
• Work type: Bachelor thesis/paper
• Organization: FE - Faculty of Electrical Engineering
• Year: 2021
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-131488
• COBISS.SI-ID: 79216131
• Publication date in RUL: 28.09.2021

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: Measuring system for measuring characteristics of electrical motor

Abstract

The diploma thesis talks about developing a measuring system in the company MEDS. It is a measuring system for measuring motor characteristics: cogging torque, friction and harmonics. In MEDS, at their day-to-day measurements they face multitude problems and challenges regarding the accuracy of measurements. Problems regarding the accuracy of measurements occur when measuring motors up to 10 min−1. Eg.: at a rotational speed of 10 min−1, revolutions fluctuate between 9.5 and 10.5 min−1 and consequently the torque measurements are not accurate enough. At higher engine rotational speeds (up to 1000 min−1) there are no problems with speed fluctuations. A potential source of problems is said to be the servo motor. The main task was to design a measuring system consisting of different components than used in existing laboratory device. After successful assembly and programming of the CFH measurement system, the measurements began. Measurements were performed on samples X and Y. During the measurements, focus was on the rotational speed of 10 min−1 and investigated was, whether the CFH measuring system also has problems with rotational speed fluctuations. The results of the measurements of the CFH measuring system were compared with the results of the measurements of laboratory device and it was determined whether there were really any problems with the accuracy of the measurements. On the CFH measuring system, measurements of harmonic components below 1 mNm were also performed on the tested motors. The results of the measurements were compared with the results of laboratory device and the findings stated in this diploma thesis were reached. After asembly of the CFH measuring system, experiments of different combinations of clutches, motors and motor settings followed. The measuring systems of both devices (CFH and laboratory device) were also compared. A comparison of the measurement results showed what all affects the torque. It has been found out that at approximately the same coupling sizes, better measurement results are achieved with bellows couplings. The best measurement results were achieved with the smallest flexible coupling manufactured by company Rudolf Huber GmBH. Interesting is, that the best measurement results were achieved with a flexible coupling and not with a bellows coupling type. For the drive, it is better to use a suitable servo motor, which can be adjusted parametrically, to achieve the best measurement results. By using a reducer and a flywheel, the measurement results deteriorate, as the reducer brings additional frequencies to the measurement result, and the flywheel is not able to dampen the motor vibrations, transmitted along the shaft, well enough. The deterioration of the results is reflected in higher cogging torque and harmonics and new higher frequencies.

• Keywords: revolutions, torque, motor, clutch, reducer, flywheel, measuring system.