Dinamika rasti in razvoja tatarske ajde (Fagopyrum tataricum (L.) Gaertn.) sorte 'Zlata' in vsebnost nekaterih bioaktivnih snovi

Verdev, Nika (avtor), Flajšman, Marko (mentor), Kocjan Ačko, Darja (komentor)

Tatarska ajda (Fagopyrum tataricum (L.) Gaertn.) je poljščina, ki ponovno pridobiva na pomembnosti predvsem zaradi visoke vsebnosti rutina in drugih bioaktivnih snovi, zaradi česar jo uvrščamo med funkcionalna živila. V okviru diplomskega dela smo proučevali tatarsko ajdo sorte 'Zlata', njeno dinamiko rasti in razvoja glede na vsebnost rutina in kvercetina v vseh rastlinskih delih. Poskus je bil izveden poleti 2020 in je trajal 99 dni. Vzorce rastlin, posejane v 4 bloke, smo skozi rastno dobo 7-krat pobirali ter ločeno zbirali in statistično obdelali podatke za različne rastlinske dele. Ugotovili smo, da je dinamika rasti in razvoja sorte 'Zlata' podobna z drugimi sortami tatarske ajde. To pomeni, da njena rastna doba traja od 2 do 3 mesece, da njeno zrnje dozoreva neenakomerno in da je na koncu rastne dobe prisotne še veliko zelene mase. Potrdili smo tudi hipotezo, da je v rastlini več rutina kot kvercetina. Rutin smo zaznali v naslednjem vrstnem redu: cvet>list>nezrelo seme>zrelo seme>steblo>korenina. Kvercetina je bilo razmeroma malo, sicer pa v vrstnem redu: cvet>zrelo seme>nezrelo seme>list>steblo>korenina. Razvidno je, da je vsebnost rutina in kvercetina največja v času cvetenja oziroma proti koncu rastne dobe in da se povečuje z akumulacijo zelene mase. Iz rezultatov naše raziskave lahko sklepamo, da bi za uporabo v funkcionalni hrani in za pripravo izvlečkov bioaktivnih snovi iz tatarske ajde sorte 'Zlata' lahko uporabili tudi njene cvetove in liste.

• Jezik: Slovenski jezik
• Ključne besede: tatarska ajda, razvoj tatarske ajde, bioaktivne snovi, rutin, kvercetin, živila, funkcionalna hrana
• Vrsta gradiva: Diplomsko delo/naloga
• Tipologija: 2.11 - Diplomsko delo
• Organizacija: BF - Biotehniška fakulteta
• Kraj izida: Ljubljana
• Založnik: [N. Verdev]
• Leto izida: 2021
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-131118
• UDK: 633.12:543.61(043.2)
• COBISS.SI-ID: 77541379
• Datum objave v RUL: 23.09.2021

Sekundarni jezik

• Jezik: Angleški jezik
• Naslov: Dynamic of growth and development of tartary buckwheat (Fagopyrum tataricum(L.) Gaertn.) variety 'Zlata' and content of some bioactive compounds

Izvleček

Tartary buckwheat is a field crop, which is gaining popularity mostly due to its high content of bioactive compounds, and is therefore classified as a natural functional food. For the purposes of this Bachelor's thesis we studied the growth and development of tartary buckwheat variety 'Zlata' as well as the content of rutin in quercetin in all parts of the plant. The experiment was conducted in the summer of 2020 and it lasted 99 days. We sowed tartary buckwheat in 4 repetitions and during the growing period we sampled the plants 7 times. We separately collected and statistically analysed the data of all plant parts. We concluded that the dynamic of growth and development of 'Zlata' is similar to other varieties of tartary buckwheat. This means that its growing period lasts 2 to 3 months, its seeds mature unevenly and at the end of growing period there is still a lot of green biomass present. We also confirmed the hypothesis that the plants contain more rutin than quercetin. The content of rutin was in the following order: flower>leaf>immature seed>mature seed>stem>root. The content of quercetin was in the following order: flower>mature seed>immature seed>leaf>stem>root. The content of rutin and quercetin was the highest around the time of flowering and it also increased with accumulation of green biomass. Our results indicate that the flowers and leaves of tartary buckwheat variety 'Zlata' can be also used as functional foods and for making extracts of bioactive compounds.

• Ključne besede: tartary buckwheat, tartary buckwheat development, bioactive compounds, rutin, quercetin, foods, functional food