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Vpliv prleškega narečja na rabo knjižnega jezika pri pouku v OŠ
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Prajnar, Katja
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Godec Soršak, Lara
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URL - Presentation file, Visit
http://pefprints.pef.uni-lj.si/6916/
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Abstract
Že od otroštva nas spremlja govor in z njim tudi jezik, ki ga govorijo naši bližnji v nam domačem okolju. V otroštvu prevladuje neknjižni jezik, in sicer pokrajinski pogovorni jezik ali narečje. Knjižnega jezika se običajno ne naučimo kot prvega ali maternega jezika, ampak pride otrok v tesnejši stik z njim ob prelomnicah, kot je vstop v vrtec, sistematično usvajanje te zvrsti jezika pa se začne v osnovni šoli. Učitelj ima v vzgojno-izobraževalnem procesu pomembno vlogo. Učencem je vzor na različnih področjih, med drugim tudi glede rabe knjižnega jezika. Kljub temu razredni učitelji in učenci med poukom uporabljajo tudi neknjižne zvrsti oziroma narečje. Zato smo želeli raziskati, ali ima prleško narečje vpliv na govor učencev oziroma na rabo slovenskega knjižnega jezika (v nadaljevanju SKJ) pri pouku v prvem in drugem vzgojno-izobraževalnem obdobju (v nadaljevanju VIO) osnovne šole ter na pedagoški govor razrednih učiteljev. Da smo lahko to preverili, smo najprej opravili zvočno snemanje, izvedeno v 1., 3. in 5. razredu. V vsakem posameznem razredu smo zvočno snemali dve učni uri, tj. eno učno uro slovenščine in eno učno uro spoznavanja okolja oziroma družbe. Temu je sledilo reševanje anketnih vprašalnikov, namenjenih učiteljicam in učencem, ki so sodelovali pri zvočnem snemanju, ter reševanje spletnih anketnih vprašalnikov za ostale učitelje. V celotni raziskavi je sodelovalo 17 učencev izbrane osnovne šole in 37 učiteljev osnovnih šol v Prlekiji. Z analizo podatkov smo ugotovili, da v pedagoškem govoru prevladuje raba SKJ oziroma raba knjižnega zbornega in knjižnega pogovornega jezika, za govor učencev pa smo ugotovili, da je delež knjižnih besed v govoru učencev 3. in 5. razreda večji kot delež knjižnih besed v govoru učencev 1. razreda. Tako je v količini rabe SKJ pri pouku bilo mogoče tudi zaznati največje razlike ravno med učenci 1. razreda in učiteljicami, medtem ko so med ostalimi učenci in učiteljicami bile te razlike veliko manjše. Učitelji se na neknjižne besede učencev med poukom odzivajo, to počnejo na različne načine. Z analizo govora med učiteljicami pa ni bilo mogoče zaznati večjih razlik glede rabe SKJ v odnosnem in v spoznavnem govoru. Učitelji, ki poučujejo več let, nasploh ocenjujejo svoje znanje SKJ boljše kot učitelji, ki poučujejo manj let (0–4 leta), učenje SKJ v osnovni šoli se jim zdi zelo pomembno, medtem ko je mnenje o rabi narečja v osnovni šoli med učitelji različno. V rabi SKJ učencev pri določenem učnem predmetu ni bilo večjih razlik, večja odstopanja so se pojavljala v rabi SKJ učencev 1. razreda v primerjavi z rabo SKJ učencev 3. in 5. razreda. V rabi SKJ glede na določen predmet so se pojavljale večje razlike le pri učiteljicah 1. razreda, glede na razred, v katerem poučujejo, pa teh razlik skorajda ni bilo mogoče zaznati. Izven pouka učitelji in učenci uporabljajo obe jezikovni zvrsti, primerni določenim okoliščinam. Podatki, ki smo jih pridobili z raziskavo, so uporabni predvsem za učitelje razrednega pouka, saj jih lahko spodbudijo k razmišljanju o njihovi vlogi pri razvoju govora učencev in s tem še izboljšajo svoje pedagoško delo.
Language:
Slovenian
Keywords:
govor
Work type:
Master's thesis/paper
Typology:
2.09 - Master's Thesis
Organization:
PEF - Faculty of Education
Year:
2021
PID:
20.500.12556/RUL-130826
COBISS.SI-ID:
76705283
Publication date in RUL:
20.09.2021
Views:
1162
Downloads:
199
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Secondary language
Language:
English
Title:
The influence of Prlekija dialect on the use of the standard language during classes in elementary school
Abstract:
Written and spoken language is part of our identity since childhood as it is daily used by our family circle and in our local environment. Children most often use regional colloquial speech or dialects in their day-to-day communication. The standard variety is seldom a speaker’s first language or mother tongue. Children come in close contact with contemporary standard Slovene at different milestones, e.g. when starting kindergarten, whereas a more systematic approach to learning it is implemented in primary school. The teacher plays a vital role in the overall education process and sets an example for students in various aspects, including the use of standard Slovene. Nevertheless, non-standard language varieties, such as dialects, are still present in the classroom. The aim of this master’s thesis was to determine whether the Prlekija regional dialect influences the student’s spoken language and their use of the Contemporary Standard Slovene (CSS) in the first and second primary school educational circle and whether it has any effect on the class teachers’ pedagogical speech in the classroom setting. Firstly, a voice recording of two lessons, Slovene, and Science and Society, per class in grades 1, 3 and 5 was carried out. Then questionnaires were distributed to teachers and pupils taking part in lesson recordings and an online version of the questionnaire was designed for other respondents included in the empirical part of the thesis. A total of 17 pupils and 37 teachers took part. The analysis of the data yielded the following results: pedagogical speech predominantly shows features of CSS, namely the formal and informal varieties of CSS; grade 3 and 5 pupils use a higher percentage of CSS vocabulary than first graders. First grade teachers and their pupils thus showed the largest discrepancies in CSS use, whereas higher-grade pupils and teachers displayed far less differences in language use. Teachers react to the use of non-standard vocabulary in class in different ways. Teachers’ speech analysis showed no major differences in CSS use regarding interactive and cognitive speech. More experienced teachers rated their knowledge of CSS higher thank those who have been teaching for a shorter period of time (0–4 years). Teachers deemed the learning of CSS as essential, whereas their opinions on the use of dialect in the classroom setting varied. There were no major discrepancies in the use of CSS regarding individual school subjects. Only a slight variation was exhibited in the speech of first-grade teachers, whereas differences were barely detectable in the speech of first graders. Outside of the classroom, teachers adapt their language use according to the communicational circumstances. The findings of this master’s thesis are most pertinent to elementary education teachers and might motivate them to reflect on their role in the pupil’s speech development and thus further ameliorating their pedagogical work.
Keywords:
speech
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