Breastfeeding is natural and most appropiate way of infant feeding, as it prevents developmental delay, health issues and infant death, though it also positively contributes to breastfeeding women. The aim of this thesis was to review the literature of important human milk components, to discover how big o fan impact breastfeeding has on mothers and children, and what are the factors with a significant role in decision to breastfeed. Human milk contains several crucial nutrients and functional components with an ability to prevent infections and inflammations, while they also carry an important role in child growth and development. Frequent breastfeeding contributes to fewer hospitalisations and lower health costs while it also contributes to the increase of hospital's financial resources. Despite an enormous evidence of positive effects and recommendations to exclusively breastfeed in first 6 months, the current breastfeeding situation in the world is rather insufficient. For future improvement mass awareness will be needed as understanding the importance of breastfeeding largely influences the decision to breastfeed. A tighter control over infant formula and clinician's education also plays an important role in breastfeeding protection and its duration. Furthermore, The Baby Friendly Initiative and Breastfeeding friednly cities represent a large step towards increasing the number of breastfeeding.
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