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Opraševalci in kakovost plodov žlahtnega jagodnjaka (Fragaria x ananassa Duch.) sorte 'Clery' pri različnih načinih prekrivanja
ID Pirih, Kris (Author), ID Hudina, Metka (Mentor) More about this mentor... This link opens in a new window, ID Bevk, Danilo (Comentor)

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Abstract
Čeprav je žlahtni jagodnjak (Fragaria x ananasa Duch.) samooprašna rastlina, je za doseganje velikih in kakovostnih pridelkov pomembna prisotnost opraševalcev. Poskus smo izvedli leta 2019 na laboratorijskem polju Biotehniške fakultete. Zanimala nas je dejavnost opraševalcev na cvetovih žlahtnega jagodnjaka in razlike v pomoloških lastnostih plodov pri različnih sistemih prekrivanja. Rastline sorte 'Clery' so bile posajene na grebenu v dvovrstnem sistemu, prekritem s črno folijo, pod katero je bila namakalna cev. Del grebena je bil prekrit s protitočno mrežo na visokih lokih (visoki tunel), drugi del je bil pokrit čez nizke loke (nizki tunel), tretji pa je bil odkrit (kontrola). V poskus smo vključili 10 jagodnjakov za vsako obravnavanje. Plodove smo obirali postopoma in beležili njihovo število, razvitost in maso pridelka za vsako vzorčno rastlino. Trikrat smo opravili tudi meritve pomoloških lastnosti (višina, širina, debelina, masa, trdota ploda in delež topne suhe snovi). Rezultati so pokazali, da so bili plodovi v nizkem tunelu lažji za 6 % in 16 % v visokem v primerjavi s kontrolo. Kontrolne rastline so imele 11,7 % deformiranih plodov, medtem ko je bilo v nizkem tunelu 17,1 % in v visokem 20,7 % takšnih plodov. Obratno sorazmerno z večanjem deleža deformiranih plodov se je njihova višina, širina in debelina zmanjševala. Med cvetenjem se je štirikrat spremljalo tudi prisotnost opraševalcev. Ob slabšem in hladnejšem vremenu so na cvetovih prevladovale samotarske čebele in muhe trepetavke. Na topel in jasen dan pa so bile najbolj številčne medonosne čebele.

Language:Slovenian
Keywords:sadjarstvo, jagodnjak, Fragaria x ananassa, opraševanje, opraševalci, medonosna čebela, čmrlji, čebele samotarke, pridelek, kakovost
Work type:Bachelor thesis/paper
Typology:2.11 - Undergraduate Thesis
Organization:BF - Biotechnical Faculty
Place of publishing:Ljubljana
Publisher:[K. Pirih]
Year:2021
PID:20.500.12556/RUL-130244 This link opens in a new window
UDC:634.75:631.527.82:581.162.3:638.19:631.599(043.2)
COBISS.SI-ID:76095747 This link opens in a new window
Publication date in RUL:12.09.2021
Views:1661
Downloads:133
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Secondary language

Language:English
Title:Pollinators and fruit quality of strawberry (Fragaria x ananassa Duch.) cultivar 'Clery' in different covering systems
Abstract:
Although the strawberry (Fragaria x ananasa Duch.) is a self-pollinating plant, presence of pollinators is important to achieve the best yields. The experiment was performed in 2019 on the laboratory field of the Biotechnical Faculty. Activity of pollinators on strawberry flowers and differences in the pomological properties of fruits in different covering systems were investigated. Cultivar ‘Clery’ plants were planted on a ridge in a two-row system covered with black foil, under which was an irrigation pipe. Part of the ridge was covered with an anti-hail net on high arches (high tunnel), another part was covered over low arches (low tunnel), and a third was not covered (control). We included 10 strawberry plants for each treatment. The fruits were harvested gradually, and their number, development and yield weight were recorded for each sample plant. We also performed measurements of pomological properties three times (height, width, thickness, weight, firmness and total soluble solids). The results showed that fruit in the low tunnel were 6% lighter and 16% lighter in the high tunnel compared to the control. Control plants had 11.7% of deformed fruit, while in the low tunnel there were 17.1% and in the high 20.7% of such fruit. Inversely proportional to the increase in share of deformed fruit, their height, width and thickness decreased. The presence of pollinators was also monitored four times during flowering. In bad and colder weather, solitary bees and hover flies predominated on flowers. On a warm and clear day, however, honeybees were most numerous.

Keywords:fruit farming, strawberry, Fragaria x ananassa, pollination, pollinators, honey bee, bumblebees, solitary bees, yield, quality

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