The detection of glucose is of extremely high importance when it comes to the health of an individual, but the current methods of detection are unpractical and invasive, that is why this thesis represents a new kind of electrochemical biosensors based on graphene. Graphene is one of the most important inventions of this century and is considered as extremely valuable in the field of sensor analysis, due to its exemplary chemical and mechanical properties. The goal is to make high performing, compact, sensitive, cheap electrochemical biosensors, that detect glucose without any invasive procedures. The low detection limit is attributed to the outstanding electrical conductivity of various composites of functional nanomaterials, e.g., graphene, nanostructures of metals or metallic oxides, etc. High sensitivity, lower detection limits, automation, reduced costs of testing, and development of disposable devices, that need only small sample sizes are some of the advantages that come with electrochemical biosensors. They are also unaffected by sample turbidity or interference from absorbing and fluorescing compounds, they require low power and can be portable. Use of electrochemical techniques, over optical and other transduction techniques, offer better sensitivity and a bigger linear detection range in a wide spectrum of solvents, electrolytes, temperatures, etc.
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