Induced mutations are permanent changes in the sequence or number of nucleotides, the number of genes or chromosomes, passed from parents to offspring. Depending on their origin, they can be caused by chemical, physical or biological mutagenic factors. Research has also developed methods by which we can challenge different types of mutations. These methods are based on the selection of the desired trait that would bring an improved trait to a particular crop plant and provide higher and better crop quality and thriving according to biotic and abiotic factors. Mutagenic agents increase the variability with respect to the target trait of a particular organism. The process of mutagenesis itself is very precisely optimized and causes the largest number of positive or desired mutations, which is achieved with the optimal dose of mutagen and with a selection process. The aim of the thesis is to present the process of mutagenesis and various traits that have contributed to the improvement of crops using published research. We will focus on the different methods and on plants that have been involved in these processes and what benefits they have.
|
