Understanding molecular processes, causing diseases, is crucial for treatment development. Various cell lines have often been used to study disease mechanisms. By reprogramming the somatic cells, we can establish induced pluripotent stem cell lines, which contain patients' candidate mutation(s) for the specific disease. Different genetic backgrounds of patients often interfere with understanding specific genotype-fenotype relationship. Therefore, it is often helpful, by the use of genome editing technology, to establish isogenic cell lines that differ only in candidate mutation. Due to the different genotypes of patients, drugs often show individual-specific effects. Drug testing on patient-specific cell lines enables selection of drugs which are the most appropriate for a particular patient.
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