Vljudnostne strategije v španskih in nemških televizijskih pogovornih oddajah o koronavirusu

Kenk, Maja (author), Valenčič Arh, Urška (mentor), Pihler Ciglič, Barbara (mentor)

Pričujoče magistrsko delo obravnava vljudnost in vljudnostne strategije s pragmatičnega vidika, kar pomeni, da v središče ne postavlja primernega načina obnašanja ali družbenega vedenja, temveč se osredotoča na vljudnost kot na načelo, ki nadzoruje in določa človeško sporazumevanje. Vljudnost je torej pojav, ki sogovornikom omogoča uspešno in učinkovito sporazumevanje. Govorci si namreč praviloma prizadevamo za harmonijo med soudeleženimi v interakciji, saj imajo sporazumevalna dejanja določene cilje, ki jih želimo doseči, uspeh komunikacije pa je odvisen tudi od družbenih okoliščin. Uporaba vljudnostnih strategij torej lahko prispeva k družbenemu ravnovesju v komunikacijski situaciji in omogoča sodelovanje. Poleg vzpostavitve in ohranjanja stika s sogovorcem je govorčev sporazumevalni namen praviloma tudi ohranitev lastne in sogovornikove podobe (kot pokaže že Goffman). Da bi želene cilje dosegel, mora poseči po strategijah, ki mu omogočajo, da omili ilokucijsko moč govornih dejanj, ki bi sicer lahko ogrožala podobo njegovega sogovorca in celo prekinila komunikacijo. V pričujoči nalogi se osredotočimo na rabo vljudnostnih strategij v govorjenem diskurzu, in sicer v televizijskih pogovornih oddajah o koronavirusu na španski in nemški televiziji. Izbrane so bile štiri televizijske razprave, dve v španščini in dve v nemščini. Namen magistrskega dela ni posploševati dobljenih rezultatov, temveč predvsem opazovati in analizirati vedenje in način govora vseh udeležencev v oddajah, analizirati uporabljene vljudnostne in/ali nevljudnostne strategije ter z njimi povezane elemente neverbalne komunikacije. Natančno sem analizirala vse štiri oddaje in primerjala dobljene rezultate med seboj, tudi upoštevajoč različni kulturni okolji, v katerih so oddaje nastale. Cilj analize je bil identificirati primere, ki omogočijo raznolik vpogled v različne vljudnostne strategije (verbalne in neverbalne) z vidika dveh različnih kultur, ter izpostaviti njihov pomen tako v sporazumevanju na javni televiziji kot tudi v vsakdanjem življenju.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: vljudnostne strategije, nebesedno sporazumevanje, televizijske pogovorne oddaje, španščina, nemščina
• Work type: Master's thesis/paper
• Organization: FF - Faculty of Arts
• Year: 2021
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-128268
• COBISS.SI-ID: 71423747
• Publication date in RUL: 08.07.2021

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: Politeness Strategies in Spanish and German Television Debates about the Coronavirus

Abstract

The master's thesis deals with the notion of politeness and politeness strategies from a pragmatic point of view. This means it does not highlight the appropriate way of behaving or the social behaviour of people but instead focuses on politeness as the principle that controls and determines human communication. Politeness is a phenomenon that enables a speaker successful and efficient interaction. The speaker seeks harmony between the participants involved in conversation based on the communication goal they want to achieve and the social circumstances that surround them. Therefore, use of politeness contributes to social balance in every communication situation and enables collaborative interaction. In addition to establishing and maintaining contact with the interlocutor, the speaker's main desire in communication is also to preserve his own image and that of the interlocutor (as Goffman has already shown). To achieve the desired goals, the speaker must use so-called politeness strategies, which allow them to soften an illocutionary force of the speech acts that could jeopardize the image of their interlocutor or interrupt communication. The main topic of the master's thesis is the use of politeness strategies in spoken discourse, namely in television talk shows about the coronavirus on Spanish and German television. Four television debates were selected, two in Spanish and two in German. The purpose of this master's thesis is not to generalize the results obtained, but to observe and analyse the behaviour and manner of speech of all participants in TV debates, to analyse the use of politeness and rudeness strategies as well as elements of nonverbal communication related to them. All four debates have been analysed in detail and the results obtained have been compared to each other also considering different cultural environments in which they were created. The aim of the analysis is primarily to find examples that can give a very diverse and rich insight into the concept of politeness strategies (verbal and nonverbal) from the perspective of two different cultures and to highlight its importance in communication both on public television and in everyday life.

• Keywords: politeness strategies, nonverbal communication, television debates, Spanish language, German language