Zdravstvena nega pacienta po kirurški odstranitvi raka v ustni votlini : diplomsko delo

Škedelj, Rok (avtor), Ravljen, Mirjam (mentor), Logar Čuček, Marjeta (komentor), Sotler, Robert (recenzent)

Uvod: Rak ustne votline spada v skupino rakov glave in vratu. Gre za heterogeno skupino malignih bolezni, ki se pojavljajo v področju zgornjega dela dihalne in prebavne poti. Za celovit nadzor nad rakom je kirurško zdravljenje s kemoterapijo oziroma brez nje ali obsevanja glavni način zdravljenja. Namen: Namen diplomskega dela je opredeliti pomen in vlogo zdravstvene nege ter predstaviti intervencije medicinske sestre pri pacientu po kirurški odstranitvi raka v ustni votlini. Metode dela: V diplomskem delu smo uporabili deskriptivno metodo dela s kritičnim pregledom slovenske in tuje strokovne ter znanstvene literature. Opravili smo vsebinsko analizo znanstvenih in strokovnih člankov s področja zdravstvene nege pacienta po kirurški odstranitvi raka v ustni votlini. Iskanje literature je potekalo prek spletnega portala Digitalne knjižnice Univerze v Ljubljani (DiKUL) v mednarodnih spletnih bazah Medline, ScienceDirect, PubMed, Google učenjak ter s pomočjo vzajemne kataloške baze podatkov COBIB.SI. Napredno iskanje literature je potekalo s pomočjo ključnih besed oziroma besednih zvez v slovenskem jeziku: usta, novotvorbe, operativni poseg, zdravljenje, vloga medicinske sestre, v angleškem jeziku pa: mouth, neoplasm, surgery, treatment, nurse role. Uporabljeni so bili Boolovi operatorji: nursing care AND cancer AND oral cavity AND surgery. Vključitveni kriteriji za izbor ustrezne literature so članki in literatura v angleškem in slovenskem jeziku, objavljeni med letoma 2011 in 2021, prosta dostopnost do celotnega besedila ter članki, ki se neposredno ali posredno nanašajo na obravnavano vsebino ter se povezujejo z zastavljenimi cilji. V kvalitativno končno vsebinsko analizo smo vključili 29 enot znanstvene in strokovne literature. Rezultati: Glede na rezultate pregleda zdravstvena nega po kirurški odstranitvi raka v ustni votlini zahteva celosten, individualen pristop in je pomemben del obravnave pacienta. Medicinska sestra mora s svojim strokovni znanjem in sposobnostmi prepoznati vse potrebe pacienta in biti aktivno vključena v multidisciplinaren tim. Poznati mora anatomijo, fiziologijo in patologijo ustne votline ter potek kirurškega zdravljenja in možne zaplete. Medicinska sestra mora izvajati intervencije zdravstvene nege za čim hitrejše okrevanje pacienta in biti usposobljena za čim boljšo komunikacijo s pacientom, ki temelji na nadaljnjem načrtovanju in izvajanju zdravstvene nege pri temeljnih življenjskih aktivnostih in psihosocialnem zdravju. Razprava in zaključek: Medicinska sestra sodeluje pri pripravi pacienta na operacijo, v nadaljevanju, po operaciji, ustrezno vključuje in povezuje sodelavce z različnim strokovnim znanjem, podprtim z dokazi. Zavedati se mora, da je poleg fizičnega zdravja pomembno tudi pacientovo psihično odzivanje. Pomembno je pravočasno vključevanje svojcev in opolnomočenje pacienta. Osredotočiti se je treba na komunikacijo in sodelovanje s pacientom in njegovo družino ter na sodelovanje v strokovnem timu. Rak ustne votline je velik javnozdravstveni problem po vsem svetu. Na podlagi zbranih rezultatov je na tem področju potrebna kakovostna in učinkovita zdravstvena nega, predvsem v sklopu preventive, ki je na tem področju ključnega pomena.

• Jezik: Slovenski jezik
• Ključne besede: diplomska dela, zdravstvena nega, usta, novotvorbe, operativni poseg, zdravljenje, vloga medicinske sestre
• Vrsta gradiva: Diplomsko delo/naloga
• Tipologija: 2.11 - Diplomsko delo
• Organizacija: ZF - Zdravstvena fakulteta
• Kraj izida: Ljubljana
• Založnik: [R. Škedelj]
• Leto izida: 2021
• Št. strani: 39 str.
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-128220
• UDK: 616-083
• COBISS.SI-ID: 69541123
• Datum objave v RUL: 07.07.2021

Sekundarni jezik

• Jezik: Angleški jezik
• Naslov: Nursing care of a patient after surgical cancer removal in the oral cavity : diploma work

Izvleček

Introduction: Oral cancer belongs to a group of cancers of the head and neck. It is a heterogeneous group of malignant diseases that occur in the upper respiratory and/or digestive tract. For a complete cancer removal, surgical treatment with or without chemotherapy or radiation is the main treatment. Aim: The aim of the thesis is to define the importance and the role of nursing and nurse intervention in a patient after surgical cancer removal in the oral cavity. Methods: In our research, we have used a descriptive method with a critical review of Slovenian and foreign professional and scientific literature. We have performed analysis of professional scientific articles of patient nursing after surgical cancer removal in the oral cavity. We have searched for relevant articles in the international online databases such as Medline, ScienceDirect, PubMed, Google Scholar and catalog database COBIB.SI. Advanced literature search has been performed with keywords or phrases such as mouth, neoplasm, surgery, treatment, nurse role, where an appropriate Boolean operator AND was used. Inclusion criteria for the selection of relevant literature represent articles and literature in English and Slovenian, published between 2011 and 2021, free availability to the full text as well as articles that directly or indirectly relate to the content under consideration and are connected to our goals. We have included 29 units of scientific and professional articles in the qualitative final content analysis. Results: According to the examination results, nursing care after surgical cancer removal in the oral cavity requires a holistic and also an individual approach, which is an important part of a patient's treatment. Nurses should, with their expertise, identify all of the patient's needs and be actively involved in the multidisciplinary team. They should be well educated in the anatomy, physiology, and pathology of the oral cavity as well as in the course of surgical treatment and possible complications. Nurses should be trained to properly communicate with a patient and be able to perform nursing interventions for a patient to recover as quickly as possible. Discussion and conclusion: A nurse first participates in patient's preparations for the surgery, and then, after surgery, appropriately involves and connects the medical staff using a variety of evidence-based expertise. In addition to being responsible for observing the physical health, he or she must also pay attention to patient's mental response. A crucial point in recovery is also timely involvement of relatives and empowerment of cancer patients. Cancer is a major public health problem worldwide. Based on the results collected here, quality and effective health care is required in this area, especially in the context of prevention, which is one of the key priorities.

• Ključne besede: diploma theses, nursing care, mouth, neoplasm, surgery, treatment, nurse role