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Pohodništvo na izbranih šolah s Posebnim programom vzgoje in izobraževanja
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Jakob, Zala
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Filipčič, Tjaša
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http://pefprints.pef.uni-lj.si/6718/
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Abstract
Pohodništvo je gibalna aktivnost, ki ima številne pozitivne vplive za posameznika, poleg tega pa predstavlja tudi razvedrilo in sprostitev. Osebe z motnjami v duševnem razvoju (v nadaljevanju MDR) so zaradi nekaterih težav z gibanjem lahko tudi manj gibalno aktivne, kar lahko vodi v prekomerno telesno težo in več težav v starosti. Tudi v učnem načrtu Posebnega programa vzgoje in izobraževanja (v nadaljevanju PP) zasledimo cilje povezane s pohodništvom. Pomembno se nam zdi, da osebe z MDR pridobijo prijetno izkušnjo pohodništva, saj lahko ta spodbuja njihovo gibalno aktivnost. Da to dosežemo, moramo upoštevati značilnosti učencev in pohodniški športni dan prilagoditi njihovim potrebam. Poleg razgibane gibalne dejavnosti pa pohodništvo ponuja tudi priložnosti za spodbujanje samostojnosti, pridobivanje različnih izkušenj, spodbujanje aktivnosti učencev ter avtentično učenje. V magistrskem delu smo želeli ugotoviti, kako poteka načrtovanje, izvajanje in evalvacija pohodniških športnih dni na treh šolah s PP. V ta namen smo izvedli tri polstrukturirane intervjuje z izvajalci pohodniških športnih dni. V vzorec so bili vključeni športna pedagoginja, specialni in rehabilitacijski pedagog in športni pedagog. Vprašanja so se navezovala na pripravo pohodniških športnih dni, izbiro cilja pohoda, izzive pri načrtovanju pohodniških športnih dni za osebe z MDR, možnosti medpredmetnega povezovanja, pripravo učencev na pohodniški športni dan, spodbujanje učencev na poti do cilja, spodbujanje aktivnosti in samostojnosti učencev, izzive pri izvajanju pohodniškega športnega dne, prilagajanje poti učencem ter evalvacijo pohodniških športnih dni. Ugotovili smo, da se pri pripravi pohodniškega športnega dne izvajalci posvetujejo z ostalimi pedagogi večinoma z namenom ugotavljanja zmožnosti učencev, kar jim pomaga pri načrtovanju poti in skupin. Poleg tega smo ugotovili, da so pri izbiri poti in cilja pohoda pozorni na to, da bodo vsi učenci zmogli pot, da je več različno težavnih poti do cilja ter da ima kraj zanimivosti ali pa je vsaj na cilju kaj zanimivega. Individualnim potrebam učencev se prilagajajo s tem, da za vsakega posebej ocenijo, po kateri poti bo šel. Poleg tega je na pohodu vedno dovolj spremljevalcev, ki učencem nudijo pomoč, ko jo potrebujejo. Ugotovili smo, da so največji izzivi pri načrtovanju pohoda izbira ustreznega terena, pri izvajanju pa slaba telesna pripravljenost in neprimerna oprema učencev. Ugotovili pa smo tudi, da učitelji menijo, da so učenci na pohodniškem športnem dnevu zadovoljni.
Language:
Slovenian
Keywords:
pohodništvo
Work type:
Master's thesis/paper
Typology:
2.09 - Master's Thesis
Organization:
PEF - Faculty of Education
Year:
2021
PID:
20.500.12556/RUL-127987
COBISS.SI-ID:
64764419
Publication date in RUL:
17.08.2021
Views:
872
Downloads:
153
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Secondary language
Language:
English
Title:
Hiking in selected schools with a special education programme
Abstract:
Hiking is a physical activity with multiple positive effects on an individual and can also be relaxing and fun as well. Because of diminished physical abilities individuals with intellectual disabilities can be less physically active which can result in being overweight and having more problems in old age. We can find goals involving hiking in lesson plans of school with special education programme. In our opinion it is important that individuals with intellectual disabilities have good experiences with hiking to encourage their physical activity. To accomplish that we have to take into consideration students’ features and needs while planning the hiking sports day. Beside physical activity hiking offers great opportunities for encouraging independence and activity, gathering different experiences and authentic learning. In this master’s thesis we attempted to figure out, how hiking sports days are planned, implemented and evaluated in three schools with special education programme. We conducted three half-structured interviews with teachers (two sports pedagogues and one special education teacher) who are responsible for hiking trips. Questions included planning, choosing of location, challenges while planning for individuals with intellectual disabilities, preparing students for hiking, encouraging students while hiking, encouraging activity and independence, challenges on the very day, accommodating students during the day and evaluation of hiking sports days. Our findings are that teachers consult other pedagogues during preparations for hiking sports day, mostly to better assess students’ abilities, for that helps them to better plan the course of the hike. They choose the trail and the destination according to what all of the students are capable of, while also planning multiple courses of different difficulty and selecting an interesting place. They accommodate students’ individual needs by deciding which course is right for them regarding the difficulty of the course and their abilities. On the hike there must always be enough assistants to help the students when they need it. The biggest challenges while planning the hike are finding the right location, while poor physical condition and insufficient sports gear of the students are the challenges on the spot. Teachers think that students are satisfied and happy with hiking sports days.
Keywords:
hiking
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