Due to the lack of such research and literature in Slovenian language, our study aimed to investigate postpartum post-traumatic stress disorder (PP-PTSD), its prevalence in the Slovenian population and comorbidity with postpartum depression (PPD). We were also interested in the impact of childhood trauma on the development of both PP-PTSD and PPD. The questionnaire was fully completed by 361 women who gave birth in the past 12 months. 434 completed the survey only partially, but were still included because they completed at least two of the questionnaires. Majority (72.1 %) participants were between 25 and 35 years old. The Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) was used to measure postnatal depressed mood, the Childbirth Trauma Scale (CityBiTS) was used to measure postnatal PTSD, and childhood and adolescent trauma experiences were assessed with the CTQ retrospective instrument. 116 participants were measured as having a high probability of depression and 10 participants met full criteria for PP-PTSM. Most female participants (17.3 %) experienced emotional neglect in childhood, followed by emotional abuse (10.9 %), physical neglect (10.6 %), sexual abuse (9.7 %) and physical abuse (5.8 %). We found differences in the expression of depressed mood and symptoms of PTSD between the groups of women who gave birth to a healthy baby and those who lost a baby during pregnancy, after delivery or with medical complications for the newborn. The two groups divided according to the experience of childbirth differ in the expression of depressed mood. The results of the study showed an association between childhood trauma and the incidence of PPD and PP-PTSD symptoms. In our sample, emotional abuse and physical neglect are most strongly associated with PP-PTSD, while emotional abuse is most strongly associated with PPD. The analysis also showed a high statistically significant correlation between PPD symptoms and PP-PTSD.
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