Vpliv življenjskega sloga na primarno dismenorejo : diplomsko delo

Finžgar, Monika (author), Starc, Andrej (mentor), Gošnak Dahmane, Raja (comentor), Tul, Nataša (reviewer)

Uvod: Dismenoreja je pogosta ginekološka diagnoza, s katero se sreča večina žensk v rodni dobi. O primarni dismenoreji govorimo, kadar ni očitne patologije v medenični votlini in se skoraj vedno prvič pojavi pred dvajsetim letom starosti. Dosedanje raziskave so pokazale povezavo med dejavniki, kot so dolžina menstrualne krvavitve, dolžina ciklusa, prehrana, športna dejavnost, spolnost in pojavnostjo bolečine ob menstruaciji. Namen: Z diplomskim delom smo želeli ugotoviti, ali imajo določeni dejavniki življenjskega sloga vpliv na stopnjo bolečine ob menstruaciji pri splošni populaciji žensk. Z rezultati smo ugotavljali povezavo med dejavniki življenjskega sloga in stopnjo bolečine med menstruacijo. Metode dela: V teoretičnem delu smo s pomočjo elektronskih baz NLM, CINAHL, Medline (PubMed) in Cobiss naredili pregled literature. V empiričnem delu diplomskega dela smo uporabili anketni vprašalnik, ki je vključeval vprašanja o menstrualnem ciklusu, bolečini med menstruacijo, dojemanju menstruacije, lastnostih življenjskega sloga in dojemanju sebe. Anketni vprašalnik je bil narejen s pomočjo spletnega orodja EnKlikAnketa. Anketa je bila dejavna na spletu od maja do julija 2020. Podatke, ki smo jih pridobili, smo kvantitativno obdelali s programskim orodjem SPSS. Za predstavitev rezultatov vprašalnika smo uporabili statistično metodo opisne ali deskriptivne statistike, rezultate smo podali v obliki tabel. Upoštevali smo le veljavne odgovore na zastavljena vprašanja, neveljavne oziroma manjkajoče odgovore smo izločili iz statističnih analiz in obdelave podatkov. Rezultati: Raziskava je vključevala 774 žensk. Vprašalnike s praznim odgovorom pri določenem vprašanju smo izključili iz analize tega vprašanja. Teh vprašalnikov je bilo skupno osem. Statistično značilne razlike v povprečnih rangih bolečine ob menstruaciji nismo zaznali v povezavi s pogostostjo uživanja slanih prigrizkov (p = 0,12) in rafiniranega sladkorja (p = 0,876), pogostostjo in stopnjo telesne dejavnosti (p = 0,44), količino dnevno popite vode (p = 1,761) in s številom dnevnih obrokov (p = 0,626). Ugotovili smo, da so imele anketiranke, ki so že rodile, statistično značilno manjšo bolečino pri menstruaciji (MR = 270,36; VR = 67859,50) od tistih anketirank, ki še niso rodile (MR = 402,06; VR = 184545,50). V povprečnih rangih so imele najmanj boleče menstruacije anketiranke, ki doživljajo orgazme manj kot 1-krat/teden (MR = 346,93), najbolj boleče menstruacije pa tiste anketiranke, ki orgazme doživljajo vsak dan oziroma 4–6-krat/na teden (MR = 427,18) in tiste, ki še niso doživele orgazma (MR = 417,70). Tiste anketiranke, ki hodijo spat ob 1 h ali kasneje, so imele najvišji povprečni rang odgovora o bolečini (MR = 433,65), najnižji pa tiste, ki hodijo spat pred 22 h (MR = 346,30). Najvišjo stopnjo bolečine pri menstruaciji v povprečju občutijo anketiranke, ki imajo negativen odnos do menstruacije (MR = 557,54), najnižjega pa tiste z nevtralnim odnosom (MR = 268,82). Razprava in zaključek: Z rezultati smo potrdili statistično pomembne povezave med spanjem, spolnostjo, stresom, dojemanjem menstruacije in bolečino ob menstruaciji.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: diplomska dela, zdravstvena nega, menstrualna bolečina, življenjski slog, dismenoreja, dejavniki življenjskega sloga
• Work type: Bachelor thesis/paper
• Typology: 2.11 - Undergraduate Thesis
• Organization: ZF - Faculty of Health Sciences
• Place of publishing: Ljubljana
• Publisher: [M. Finžgar]
• Year: 2021
• Number of pages: 58 str., [7] str. pril.
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-127699
• UDC: 616-083
• COBISS.SI-ID: 69390083
• Publication date in RUL: 20.06.2021

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: The effect of lifestyle on primary dysmenorrhea : diploma work

Abstract

Introduction: Dysmenorrhea, also known as painful periods, is a common gynaecological diagnosis encountered by most women of fertile age. The field is poorly researched, dysmenorrhea is still a misunderstood condition, and most women accept it as a normal part of their menstrual cycle. Primary dysmenorrhea is said to occur when there is no obvious pathology in the pelvic region and its onset is almost always before the age of twenty. The pain has a strong impact on well-being and can greatly affect the quality of life. Previous research on primary dysmenorrhea showed an association between factors such as menstrual days, cycle length, food consumption, physical activity, and sexual activity with primary dysmenorrhea. Purpose: The purpose of this thesis was to investigate the correlation of some lifestyle factors with the occurrence of primary dysmenorrhea in women of all ages who have their periods. The results will help us to better understand the relationship between lifestyle factors and dysmenorrhea. Methods: In the theoretical part of the thesis, we conducted a review of scientific literature using online search engines such as NLM, CINAHL, Medline (PubMed), and Cobiss. Part of the theory was also gathered from domestic textbooks. The empirical part of the work was based on a questionnaire created in an online tool called "EnKlikAnketa". The data were collected between May and July 2020. Results: The study included 774 women. There were no statistically significant differences in the frequency of consumption of salty snacks (p = 0.12) and refined sugar (p = 0.876), the frequency and level of physical activity (p = 0.44), the amount of water drunk during the day (p = 1.761) or the number of daily meals (p = 0.626). We find that respondents who have already given birth have statistically significantly less menstrual pain (MR = 270.36; VR = 67859.50) than respondents who have not given birth in the past (MR = 402.06; VR = 184545.50). In the average ranks, the respondents who experience orgasm less than 1 x / week (MR = 346.93) have the least painful menstruation, and the respondents who experience orgasm every day or 4 - 6 x / per week have the most painful menstruation (MR = 427.18) and those who have not experienced orgasm (MR = 417.70). Respondents who go to bed at 1 a.m. or later have the highest mean pain response score (MR = 433.65) and the lowest among those who go to bed before 10 p.m. (MR = 346.30). The highest menstrual pain mean score is felt by respondents who have a negative attitude towards menstruation (MR = 557.54) and the lowest by those with a neutral attitude (MR = 268.82). Discussion and conclusion: the results confirm statistically significant relationships between sleep, sexuality, stress, menstrual perception, and menstrual pain.

• Keywords: diploma theses, nursing care, menstrual pain, lifestyle, dysmenorrhea, lifestyle factors