Vpliv starosti, spola in bolečine na raztegljivost mišic kolka in kolena pri starejših odraslih osebah : diplomsko delo

Vidic, Nataša (author), Jakovljević, Miroljub (mentor), Petrič, Maja (comentor), Vauhnik, Renata (reviewer)

Uvod: S staranjem je človeško telo podvrženo spremembam, ki vplivajo tudi na telesno zmogljivost ljudi. Redna telesna dejavnost lahko pripomore k ohranjanju zdravja starejših odraslih in njihove zmožnosti izvajanja vsakodnevnih dejavnosti. Toda tkiva, vključno z mišičnim, se ne morejo povsem izogniti posledicam staranja. Pri mišičnem tkivu pride predvsem do strukturnih sprememb kolagenskih in elastičnih vlaken, kar vpliva na raztegljivost mišic. Namen: Namen diplomskega dela je bil ugotoviti ali pri starejših odraslih na raztegljivost mišic kolka in kolena vplivajo starost, spol in bolečina. Metode dela: Sodelovalo je 33 preiskovancev (83,45 ± 7,47 let), od tega 18 žensk in 15 moških, brez prisotne endoproteze in poškodb kolčnih sklepov. Merili smo raztegljivost fleksorjev kolka (m. iliopsoas in m. rectus femoris) in fleksorjev kolena (m. biceps femoris, m. semitendinosus, m. semimembranosus), in sicer z uporabo goniometra s teleskopskimi kraki. Za ugotavljanje razlik v raztegljivosti glede na spol in glede na prisotnost bolečine smo izvedli Mann-Whitney test. Povezanost starosti in bolečine z raztegljivostjo mišic smo preverili s Spearmanovim koeficientom korelacije (?). Prag statistične značilnosti je bil postavljen pri p ? 0,05. Rezultati: Povezanosti starosti z raztegljivostjo mišic kolka in kolena nismo uspeli dokazati, saj pri nobeni merjeni mišici ni obstajala statistično značilna povezanost. Razliko v raztegljivosti glede na spol smo ugotovili pri zadnjih stegenskih mišicah (p = 0,041), kjer so imele ženske statistično značilno boljšo raztegljivost zadnjih stegenskih mišic. Glede na bolečino ni bilo prisotnih statistično značilnih razlik v raztegljivosti, prav tako ni bila ugotovljena povezanost med bolečino in mišično raztegljivostjo. Razprava in zaključek: Rezultati raziskave nakazujejo možnost razlike v raztegljivosti kolčnih mišic glede na spol, medtem ko nismo ugotovili statistično značilne povezanosti med starostjo in mišično raztegljivostjo ter statistično značilne povezanosti ali razlik v raztegljivosti mišic kolka in kolena glede na prisotnost bolečine. V prihodnosti bi bilo smiselno opraviti podobno raziskavo z večjim številom preiskovancev ter preučiti vpliv trajanja bivanja v domu starejših občanov na raztegljivost mišic.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: diplomska dela, fizioterapija, mišična raztegljivost, starost, spol, bolečina, kolčni sklep, kolenski sklep, starejši odrasli
• Work type: Bachelor thesis/paper
• Typology: 2.11 - Undergraduate Thesis
• Organization: ZF - Faculty of Health Sciences
• Place of publishing: Ljubljana
• Publisher: [N. Vidic]
• Year: 2021
• Number of pages: 37 str., [3] str. pril.
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-127428
• UDC: 615.8
• COBISS.SI-ID: 66549763
• Publication date in RUL: 06.06.2021

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: Impact of age, gender and pain on the hip and knee flexibility in older adults : diploma work

Abstract

Introduction: Human body faces different changes through years which reflects on peopleʾs physical ability. Regular exercise and body movement contribute to maintain health and ability to practice every-day activities of older adults. All kinds of tissue, including muscle one, cannot avoid the consequences of aging. As far as muscle tissue is concerned, muscle flexibility is affected by collagen and elastin fibre changes. Purpose: The purpose of diploma work is to find out the impact of age, gender and pain on the hip and knee flexibility in older adults. Methods: Thirty-three volunteers (83.45 ± 7.47 age), eighteen of which were women and fifteen were men, without hip endoprosthesis and injuries participated in research. We measured the flexibility of hip flexors (m. iliopsoas in m. rectus femoris) and knee flexors (m. biceps femoris, m. semitendinosus, m. semimembranosus) with extendable goniometer. To determine the difference of muscle flexibility considering gender and pain, we performed Mann-Whitney test. We tested the correlation of age and pain to muscle flexibility with Spearman correlation coefficient (). The level of significance was set at p ⡤ 0.05. Results: We did not estimate any correlation between age and muscle flexibility. We identified statistically significant differences in hamstrings flexibility between men and women (p = 0.041), where women achieved statistically significant better results than men. Considering the pain, we did not identify statistically significant correlation and differences. Discussion and conclusion: The research has showed that there is a possibility for difference between gender and muscle flexibility of hip and knee joint. Results for pain and age do not show us any statistically significant difference and correlation between muscle flexibility and pain and any statistically significant correlation between muscle flexibility and age. In the future, it would be reasonable to carry out research with a larger sample of participants and study the impact of duration of living in a retirement home on muscle flexibility.

• Keywords: diploma theses, physiotherapy, muscle flexibility, age, gender, pain, hip joint, knee joint, older adults