Vpliv debelosti na zdravje žensk v Evropi : diplomsko delo

Homšek, Maja (avtor), Mihelič Zajec, Andreja (mentor), Pandel Mikuš, Ruža (recenzent)

Uvod: Debelost predstavlja epidemijo današnjega časa, s katero se vse bolj borijo tudi ženske. Na nastanek vplivajo številni dejavniki, ki pustijo posledice tako na psihičnem, fizičnem kot na ekonomskem področju. Debelost v zdravstveni negi je treba obravnavati, saj je ključna težava, ki vpliva na zdravje žensk. Namen: Ugotoviti želimo razširjenost med ženskami v Evropi in Sloveniji, kateri dejavniki vplivajo na nastanek in kakšne posledice povzroča debelost. Ugotoviti želimo tudi, na kakšen način lahko pri obravnavi problema sodeluje stroka zdravstvene nege. Metode dela: V diplomskem delu smo uporabili deskriptivno metodo dela, s pregledom znanstvene in strokovne literature. Pri iskanju smo uporabili časovni okvir objav, od leta 2010 do oktobra 2020. Literatura je bila iskana v angleškem in slovenskem jeziku v podatkovnih bazah: Medline/PubMed, CINAHL, ScienceDirect, COBIB.SI ter Google Učenjak, z uporabo naslednjih ključnih besed: Obesity AND women AND nursing, Obesity around the world AND women, Obesity AND the role of a nurse, Obesity in Europe AND women, Debelost med ženskami v Evropi, Debelost med ženskami v Sloveniji. V analizo smo vključili 24 člankov. Članki so bili ovrednoteni po štiristopenjski lestvici glede na moč dokazov. Rezultati: Debelost predstavlja zdravstveno težavo tako v Evropi kot tudi pri nas. Analizirane raziskave prikazujejo porast prekomerne telesne teže in debelosti med evropskimi ženskami, ki se je čez leta spreminjala in še vedno drastično narašča. Stopnjuje se v vseh starostnih obdobjih, najbolj pa je prisotna pri populaciji žensk po 50. letu starosti. Med dejavnike, ki vplivajo na nastanek debelosti, štejemo vsakdanji stres, pomanjkanje časa, nepravilno prehrano, zmanjšano telesno dejavnost, vpliv ima tudi stopnja izobrazbe. Debelost povzroča številne posledice na zdravju žensk, med drugim sladkorno bolezen tipa 2, bolezni skeletno-mišičnega sistema, bolezni srca in ožilja, pušča pa tudi posledice na socialno-ekonomskem področju. Vpliva tudi na smrtnost. Medicinska sestra ima pomembno vlogo pri obvladovanju debelosti žensk, nudenju opore in motiviranju. Razprava in zaključek: Debelost predstavlja zastrašujoče zaplete v zdravju žensk. Še vedno je premalo govora o debelosti, ki postaja izziv za zdravstveno osebje. Medicinske sestre so ključne pri zdravstveno-vzgojnem delu, preventivi in ozaveščanju žensk o vplivu debelosti na njihovo zdravje. Potrebno je spremljanje novosti o širitvi debelosti med ženskami in več novih raziskav na področju intervencij medicinskih sester, ki bodo pripomogle k zmanjšanju težave, kot je debelost.

• Jezik: Slovenski jezik
• Ključne besede: diplomska dela, zdravstvena nega, debelost, ženske, Evropa, Slovenija, medicinska sestra
• Vrsta gradiva: Diplomsko delo/naloga
• Tipologija: 2.11 - Diplomsko delo
• Organizacija: ZF - Zdravstvena fakulteta
• Kraj izida: Ljubljana
• Založnik: [M. Homšek]
• Leto izida: 2021
• Št. strani: 44 str.
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-127169
• UDK: 616-083
• COBISS.SI-ID: 67302403
• Datum objave v RUL: 21.05.2021

Sekundarni jezik

• Jezik: Angleški jezik
• Naslov: The impact of obesity on women's health in Europe : diploma work

Izvleček

Introduction: Obesity is an epidemic of today`s time, which is becoming increasingly widespread among women. It develops as a result of a number of factors, which have a profound effect in psychological, physical and economic fields. Obesity in nursing needs to be addressed as it is a key problem affecting women`s health. Purpose: We want to determine the prevalence of obesity among women in Europe and Slovenia, the factors that influence its development and its consequences. We also want to find out how nursing professionals can be involved in dealing with the problem. Methods: In the paper, we used the descriptive research method, with an overview of scientific and academic literature. We focused on publications published between the year 2010 and October 2020 and written in English and Slovenian. The literature was searched in the following databases: Medline/ PubMed, CINAHL, ScienceDirect, COBIB.SI and Google Scholar, using the following keywords: obesity AND women AND nursing, obesity around the world AND women, obesity AND the role of a nurse, obesity in Europe AND women, obesity among women in Europe, obesity among women in Slovenia. The analysis comprised 24 articles. The articles were evaluated on a four-point scale according to the strength of the evidence. Results: Obesity is a health problem in Europe as well as in our country. The findings show an increase in overweight and obesity among European women, which has fluctuated over the years and is still increasing drastically. It is escalating in women of all ages, and it is most prevalent in the female population aged above 50 years. The most common factors influencing the development of obesity include daily stress, lack of time, improper diet, reduced physical activity, and the level of education. Obesity has a number of consequences for women`s health, including type 2 diabetes, musculoskeletal diseases, cardiovascular diseases, and socioeconomic consequences. Moreover, it has an impact on mortality. Nurses play an important role in managing obesity among women, offering support and providing motivation. Discussion and conclusion: Obesity can cause frightening complications for women`s health. It is still not adequately discussed, but it is presenting a challenge to healthcare staff. Nurses are key to health education, prevention and raising women`s awareness regarding the impact of obesity on their health. New developments about the spread of obesity among women must be monitored and more new research into nursing interventions is required to help reduce such a problem as obesity.

• Ključne besede: diploma theses, nursing care, obesity, women, Europe, Slovenia, nurse