3D projekcija skozi holografsko piramido

Topolovec, Aljaž (author), Boh Podgornik, Bojana (mentor)

Holografija je veda o hologramih. Klasični hologram je definiran kot 3D posnetek interferenčnega vzorca, ki ga proizvede koherentni žarek svetlobe. Za razumevanje holografije smo v teoretičnem delu diplomskega dela proučili koherentno lasersko svetlobo, interferenco elektromagnetnega valovanja, posnemanje vzorcev na svetlobno občutljiv film in uklon svetlobe, ki v končni fazi rezultira kot reproducirana slika prvotno opazovane scene. V projekcijah skozi holografsko piramido gre za veliko preprostejši sistem, ki ne temelji na klasični holografiji, ampak na iluziji Pepperjevega duha. V sklopu diplomskega dela smo izdelali holografsko piramido, ki s pomočjo zaslona prikaže 3D projekcijo video animacije v prostoru. Konstrukcijo piramide smo povzeli po spletnih virih ter jo po patentu Josepha S. Yatska (1) izboljšali na način, da se čim bolje približa hologramu. Izdelali smo dve različici piramide iz prozorne plastike (polivinilklorid, krajše PVC) – debelin 1,15 in 0,26 mm, s ploskvami pod kotom 60°. Pridobili smo prosto dostopno animacijo z zelenim zaslonom in jo predelali v okolju Adobe Premier Pro (Adobe, ZDA). S kombinacijo izdelane video animacije, pametnega telefona in piramide smo ustvarili pravilno delujoč sistem, ki ustvarja iluzijo leta kolibrija v prostoru znotraj piramide. Iluzijo smo dokumentirali na videoposnetku. Kakovost 3D projekcije se razlikuje glede na debelino uporabljene plastike (PVC). Pri tanjši plastiki (PVC, 0,26 mm) ni prišlo do dvojnega odboja svetlobe, zato je bil prikaz ostrejši. Potrdili smo Yatskovo trditev, da prevelika debelina materiala vpliva na nejasen obris (1). Na vzorcu 206 naključnih oseb smo izvedli spletno anketo o poznavanju holografije, v kateri smo anketirancem prikazali dva animirana prava holograma in izdelano holografsko projekcijo kot primer psevdo-holograma. Z rezultati ankete smo potrdili hipotezo, da 3D projekcija skozi piramido daje ljudem večji vtis holografije kot dejanski pravi hologrami. To nakazuje, da percepcija holografije v družbi dobiva novo, širšo podobo.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: 3D, holografija, hologram, holografska piramida, Pepperjev duh, projekcija
• Work type: Bachelor thesis/paper
• Organization: NTF - Faculty of Natural Sciences and Engineering
• Year: 2021
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-127068
• Publication date in RUL: 15.05.2021

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: 3D projection through a hologram pyramid

Abstract

Holography is a science and practice of making holograms. The classic hologram is defined as a 3D recording of an interference pattern, produced by a coherent ray of light. In the theoretical part of the diploma thesis, we researched the coherent laser light, the interference of electromagnetic undulation, recording patterns on a photosensitive film and the diffraction of light, which results as a reproduced picture of the primarily observed scene. The projection through the hologram pyramid is a much simpler system – it is not based on the classic holography, but on the Pepper's ghost illusion. We have created a hologram pyramid, which, using a screen, projects a 3D projection of a video animation in space. The construction of the pyramid was summarized by the internet sources and, following the Joseph S. Yatsko's patent (1), we have improved it to better imitate the appearance of the classic hologram. We have created two versions of the pyramid using a transparent PVC plastic with the width of 1,15 and 0,26 mm, both with a plane at a 60° angle. We have acquired a free access animation with a green screen and have redesigned it in the virtual environment Adobe Premier Pro (Adobe, ZDA). Using a combination of the created video animation, a mobile phone and the pyramid, we have created a properly working system which generates an illusion of a hummingbird flying through the pyramid. The illusion was documented on a video recording. We have noticed a difference in the quality of the 3D projection depending on the width of the PVC plastic used – a sharper display was achieved with the usage of the thin PVC plastic (the width of 0,26 mm) due to the absence of a double reflection of light. We can therefore confirm Yatsko's statement, claiming that a too large of a width of the material results in an unclear silhouette (1). Conducting an online survey on the knowledge of holography we have shown two animated actual holograms and the created holographic projection as an example of a pseudo-hologram to 206 random participants. The results of the survey are confirmative of our hypothesis – people identify a 3D projection through a pyramid as an example of holography rather than identifying an actual hologram as the example. This is indicative of the wider image the perception of holography is gaining in the society.

• Keywords: 3D, hologram, hologram pyramid, holography, Pepper's ghost, projection