Obravnava kronične bolečine pri pacientkah po operaciji raka dojke in vloga medicinske sestre : diplomsko delo

Kranjec, Lucija (author), Mihelič Zajec, Andreja (mentor), Bobnar, Albina (reviewer)

Uvod: Rak dojke je najpogostejša vrsta raka med ženskami v razvitih državah in kirurški poseg je eden izmed načinov zdravljenja. Hude akutne pooperativne bolečine so povezane z daljšo hospitalizacijo in povečanimi stroški zdravstvene oskrbe. Kronična bolečina lahko sledi operaciji raka dojke. Zaradi pogostosti kronične bolečine in njene potencialne resnosti je le-ta deležna vse večje raziskovalne pozornosti. Namen: Namen diplomskega dela je podrobneje predstaviti in preučiti bolečino pacientke po operaciji raka dojke, predstaviti in opisati načine za lajšanje pooperativne bolečine ter opisati vlogo medicinskih sester pri takšnih pacientkah. Metode dela: Za iskanje literature smo uporabili različne domače in tuje podatkovne baze, kot Medline, CHINAL with full text in COBIB.SI, Google učenjak. Literaturo smo iskali s pomočjo naslednjih ključnih besed v slovenskem in angleškem jeziku: »rak dojke IN pooperativna bolečina /breast cancer AND postoperative pain«, »rak dojke IN kronična bolečina /breast cancer AND chronic pain«, » rak dojke IN medicinska sestra / breast cancer AND nurse«; »lajšanje kronične bolečine IN medicinska sestra / chronic pain relief AND nurse«. Za vključitev literature v pregled smo upoštevali naslednja merila: prosto dostopne raziskave, ki so objavljene v celoti, jezik članka in leto objave. V končno analizo je bilo uvrščenih 19 člankov. Besedilo smo analizirali z metodo odprtega kodiranja. Rezultati: Pri vsebinski analizi člankov smo identificirali 32 kod. Kode smo umestili v naslednje tri kategorije: Dejavniki, ki vplivajo na pojavnost bolečine pri pacientkah po operaciji raka dojke, Obravnava kronične bolečine pri pacientkah po operaciji raka dojke in Znanje medicinskih sester za obvladovanje kronične bolečine pri pacientkah po operaciji raka dojke. Naše delo lahko umestimo med srednje močne raziskovalno delo. Čeprav je večina člankov na šestem nivoju, smo jih nekaj uvrstili tudi na prvi in drugi nivo. Razprava in zaključek: Kronična bolečina po operaciji raka dojke ogroža kakovost življenja pacientk. Za učinkovito obvladovanje bolečine pri pacientkah z rakom dojke morajo imeti medicinske sestre znanje za odkrivanje bolečine in oceno le-te. Na podlagi pregleda literature smo ugotovili, da bi medicinske sestre potrebovale dodatna znanja za obvladovanje bolečine pri pacientkah po operaciji raka dojke. Potrebna so dodatna izobraževanja o kronični bolečini po operaciji raka dojke. Izboljšanje komunikacije med zdravniki in medicinskimi sestrami ima ključno vlogo pri obvladovanju kronične bolečine.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: diplomska dela, zdravstvena nega, rak dojke, bolečina, zdravstvena nega, ukrepi, izobraževanje
• Work type: Bachelor thesis/paper
• Typology: 2.11 - Undergraduate Thesis
• Organization: ZF - Faculty of Health Sciences
• Place of publishing: Ljubljana
• Publisher: [L. Kranjec]
• Year: 2021
• Number of pages: 30 str.
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-126929
• UDC: 616-083
• COBISS.SI-ID: 62660867
• Publication date in RUL: 11.05.2021

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: Chronic pain treatment in female patients after surgery of breast cancer and role of the nurse : diploma work

Abstract

Introduction: Breast cancer is the most common type of cancer among women in developed countries and surgery is a necessary part of treatment. Severe acute postoperative pain is associated with prolonged hospitalization and increased medical care costs. Chronic pain may follow breast cancer surgery. Due to the frequency of chronic pain and its potential severity, it is receiving increasing research attention. Purpose: The purpose of the thesis is to present and study in more detail the pain of a patient after breast cancer surgery, to present and describe ways to relieve postoperative pain and to describe the role of nurses in such patients. Methods: We used various domestic and foreign databases to search for literature, such as Medline, CHINAL with full text and COBIB.SI, Google Scholar. We searched the literature with the help of the following keywords in Slovene and English: "breast cancer AND postoperative pain", "breast cancer AND chronic pain", "breast cancer AND nurse"; "Chronic pain relief AND nurse". For the literature included in the review, the following criteria were considered: available research that was published in full text, the language of the article, and the year of publication. In the final analysis, 19 members were included. The text was analyzed using the open coding method. Results: In the content analysis of the articles, 32 codes were identified. The codes were placed into the following three categories: Factors influencing the incidence of pain in patients after breast cancer surgery, Treatment of chronic pain in patients after breast cancer surgery, and Knowledge of nurses to manage chronic pain in patients after breast cancer surgery. Our work can be ranked among mediumstrength research work. Although most of the articles are at the sixth level, we also ranked some of them at the first and second level. Discussion and conclusion: Chronic pain after breast cancer surgery threatens the quality of life of patients. To effectively manage pain in breast cancer patients, nurses need to have the knowledge to detect and assess pain. Based on a review of the literature, we found that nurses would need additional knowledge to manage pain in patients after breast cancer surgery. Additional education is needed on chronic pain after breast cancer surgery. Improving communication between physicians and nurses plays a key role in managing chronic pain.

• Keywords: diploma theses, nursing carebreast cancer, pain, nursing, measures, education