Vpliv starosti, spola in dominance zgornjega uda na obseg aktivne gibljivosti ramena pri starejših odraslih : diplomsko delo

Novak, Dolores (author), Jakovljević, Miroljub (mentor), Petrič, Maja (co-mentor), Vauhnik, Renata (reviewer)

Uvod: Število starejših odraslih narašča, vztrajno pa se povečuje tudi življenjska doba. Pomembno je razumeti odvijajoče se procese staranja in njihove posledice na telo. Izgubljanje mišične mase privede do slabšanja mišične moči, togost sklepov slabi mobilnost. Opravljanje dnevnih opravil postaja oteženo, sploh, ko je govora o ramenskem sklepu. Gibljivost, predvsem aktivna, zato igra veliko vlogo. Namen: Ugotoviti, kakšen je vpliv starosti, spola in dominance zgornjega uda na aktivno gibljivost ramena pri starejših odraslih. Metode dela: V raziskavo je bilo vključenih 63 preiskovancev (48 žensk in 15 moških), povprečno starih 80,9 (7,2) let. Za pregled povezanosti med meritvami gibljivosti in starostjo smo izračunali Pearsonov koeficient korelacije (r), za ugotavljanje razlik med spoloma in med dominantnim in nedominantnim zgornjim udom smo uporabili Studentov test t, za vrednotenje povezanosti med dejavnikom starosti in bolečine pa izračunali Spearmanov koeficient korelacije (ρ). Pri preverjanju hipotez smo upoštevali stopnjo značilnosti p < 0,05. Rezultati: Pri vplivu starosti na obseg aktivne gibljivosti med dominantnim in nedominantnim zgornjim udom se je statistično značilna razlika pokazala na dominantnem udu v smereh elevacije skozi antefleksijo (p = 0,047; r = -0,234), elevacije skozi abdukcijo (p = 0,015; r = -0,308) in zunanje rotacije (p = 0,007; r = -0,343). Pri nedominantnem udu pa v smereh elevacije skozi antefleksijo (p = 0,046; r = -0,255), zunanje (p = 0,006; r = -0,345) in notranje rotacije (p = 0,046; r = -0,254). Na dominantnem zgornjem udu smo statistično pomembno razliko opazili pri moških pri gibu retrofleksije (p = 0,006) ter na nedominantnem udu v smeri notranje rotacije (p = 0,018). Med prisotnostjo bolečine in starostjo preiskovancev je obstajala pomembna šibka negativna povezanost (r = -0,334; p = 0,007). Med intenziteto bolečine med mirovanjem in starostjo je obstajala šibka negativna povezanost (ρ = -0,307; p = 0,014), med intenziteto bolečine med izvedbo gibov (zunanja rotacija, nedominantni ud) in starostjo pa šibka pozitivna (ρ = 0,259; p = 0,046). Razprava in zaključek: Na podlagi dobljenih rezultatov sklepamo, da sta starost in bolečina povezani z zmanjšanjem nekaterih obsegov aktivne gibljivosti ramena, kar se zdi posledica fizioloških procesov staranja, spol in starost pa bi lahko vplivali na občutenje bolečine.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: diplomska dela, fizioterapija, procesi staranja, starost, spol, dominanca, obseg aktivne gibljivosti, rama
• Work type: Bachelor thesis/paper
• Typology: 2.11 - Undergraduate Thesis
• Organization: ZF - Faculty of Health Sciences
• Place of publishing: Ljubljana
• Publisher: [D. Novak]
• Year: 2021
• Number of pages: 31str., [4] str. pril.
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-125897
• UDC: 615.8
• COBISS.SI-ID: 58911491
• Publication date in RUL: 09.04.2021

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: Age, gender and arm dominance impact on active range of motion of the shoulder in older adults : diploma work

Abstract

Introduction: The number of older adults is rising and a life span is persistently increasing too. It is important to understand the aging process and its impact on human body. The loss of muscle mass leads to weakness and lack of strenght, joint stiffness affects the mobility. Activities of daily living can become difficult to perform especially when the shoulder joint is being discussed. Mobility, primarly active therefore plays a great role. Purpose: To find the impact of age, gender and dominance of upper extremity on active range of motion of the shoulder in older adults. Methods: In research 63 male and female subjects (48 women and 15 men) with an average age of 80,9 (7,2) were included. In order to check the correlation between the measurements of motion and age, we calculated the Pearson correlation coefficient (r). In order to check differences between sexes and dominant/non-dominant extremity, we used Student’s t - test. We calculated Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient (ρ) to check the correlation between age and pain. The significance level for hypothesis verification was p < 0.05. Results: Between dominant and non-dominant upper extremity we determined a statistically significant correlation for these movements and age. On dominant extremity for elevation through anteflexion (p = 0.047; r = -0.234), elevation through abduction (p = 0.015; r = -0.308) and external rotation (p = 0.007; r = -0.343). On non-dominant extremity for elevation through anteflexion (p = 0.046; r = -0.254), external (p = 0.006; r = -0.345) and internal rotation (p = 0.046; r = -0.254). For men, retroflexion on dominant upper extremity proved statistically significant (p = 0.006) and on non-dominant by internal rotation (p = 0.018). Between pain and age we identified statistically significant, weak and negative correlation (r = -0.334; p = 0.007). For pain at rest and age there was a weak and negative correlation (ρ = - 0.307; p = 0.014) and for pain during the performance of movements (external rotation, nondominant extremity) and age existed the weak and positive correlation (ρ = 0.259; p = 0.046). Discussion and conclusion: In conclusion, the results show that age and pain can be connected to the loss of range of mobility for specific directions of movement. Physiological aging process seem to be the cause. The age and gender could affect the intensity of pain.

• Keywords: diploma theses, physiotherapy, aging process, age, gender, dominance, active range of motion, shoulder