Zgodnje tehnološko opismenjevanje 3-4 leta starih otrok s pomočjo namiznega gledališča

Hrovat, Vita (author), Avsec, Stanislav (mentor), Šuligoj, Veronika (co-mentor)

Izraz tehnološka pismenost se vse pogosteje pojavlja v člankih in knjigah, še vedno pa je premalo poznan. Tehnološko pismen posameznik ni tisti, ki pozna vse termine, ki jih lahko uporabljamo v tehniki, ampak tudi naravoslovne, matematične, fizikalne, družboslovne in ostale pojme. Tehnološko pismena oseba mora imeti predvsem praktične zmogljivosti, razvito predstavljivost ter zmožnost kritičnega mišljenja o tehnologiji. Ker je tehnološka pismenost v predšolskem obdobju in nasploh med vzgojitelji slabo definirana, je namen diplomskega dela ugotoviti: mnenje in stališča vzgojiteljev o tehnološki pismenosti ter kakšen vpliv imata uporaba lutk in namiznega gledališča na razvoj tehnološke pismenosti otrok, starih 3–4 leta. Njihov napredek bomo ocenjevali s 3 dejavnostmi, katere bodo otroci izvajali pred in po uporabi lutk in namiznega gledališča. Mnenja in stališča vzgojiteljev smo ugotavljali s pomočjo anketnega vprašalnika. V teoretičnem delu je opredeljena tehnološka pismenost in njen razvoj v predšolskem obdobju, povezava s kurikularnimi področji in uporaba ter pomen lutk v vrtcu. V empiričnem delu smo ugotavljali mnenje in stališča 35 vzgojiteljev na podlagi analize anketnih vprašalnikov. Odgovori so prikazani opisno in z grafi. Ugotovili smo, da je izraz tehnološka pismenost (TP) med vzgojitelji premalo poznan. Tehnološko pismenost so povezovali predvsem z uporabo sodobne tehnologije. Ugotovili smo, da vzgojitelji dajejo pomen različnemu ustvarjanju z materiali. Opazili smo, da vzgojitelji dajejo pomen samostojnosti in samoiniciativnosti otrok, hkrati pa uporabljajo premalo raznovrstnih materialov. Pri raziskavi je sodelovala skupina 19 otrok, starih 3–4 leta. S pomočjo treh dejavnosti smo ugotavljali, kakšen vpliv imajo lutke in namizno gledališče na razvoj tehnološke pismenosti. Tri dejavnosti smo izvajali pred in po uporabi lutk. Ugotovili smo, da uporaba lutk in namiznega gledališča pozitivno vplivata na razvoj tehnološke pismenosti in poznavanja materialov, komunikacijo v skupini, animacijo lutke, razvoj samostojnosti in samozavest pri nastopanju. Ugotovili smo tudi, da je izraz tehnološka pismenost med vzgojitelji slabo poznan in da bi v vrtcih lahko izvajali več tehničnih dejavnosti. Diplomsko delo je namenjeno vsem, predvsem pa vzgojiteljem in študentom predšolske vzgoje. S svojim delom želimo raziskati razvoj tehnološke pismenosti pri otrocih, starih 3–4 leta. Vplivati želimo predvsem na delo vzgojiteljev, da bi v svoje delo vključevali čim več tehničnih dejavnosti.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: tehnološka pismenost
• Work type: Bachelor thesis/paper
• Typology: 2.11 - Undergraduate Thesis
• Organization: PEF - Faculty of Education
• Year: 2020
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-124953
• COBISS.SI-ID: 49361155
• Publication date in RUL: 02.03.2021

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: Early technological literacy of children aged 3-4 through tabletop puppet theatre

Abstract

The term technological literacy is increasingly appearing in articles and books, but it is still poorly known. A technologically literate individual is not one who knows all the terms that can be used in the technique, but also knows the concepts of natural science, mathematics, physics, social science and other. A technologically literate person must have, above all, practical capabilities, developed perception and the ability to think critically about technology. As technological literacy in the preschool period and among educators in general is poorly defined, the purpose of the diploma thesis is to determine: the opinion and views of educators on technological literacy, what impact the use of puppets and tabletop theatre have on the development of technological literacy of children, aged 3–4 years. We will assess their progress with 3 activities that children will perform before and after using puppets and tabletop theatre. The opinions and views of educators will be determined by using a questionnaire. The theoretical part defines technological literacy and its development in the preschool period, the connection with curricular areas and the use and importance of puppets in kindergarten. In the empirical part, we determined the opinion and views of 35 educators based on the analysis of questionnaires. The answers are described and shown with graphs. We have determined that the term technological literacy is insufficiently known among educators. They primarily associated technological literacy with the use of modern technology. We have determined that educators give importance to various creative activities with materials. We have noticed that educators give importance to children's independence and self-initiative, while using too little variety of materials. A group of 19 children aged 3–4 years participated in the research. By performing three activities, we tried to determine what impact puppets and tabletop theatre have on the development of technological literacy. Three activities were performed before and after the use of the puppets. We have determined that the use of puppets and tabletop theatre have a positive effect on the development of technological literacy and knowledge of materials, group communication, puppet animation, the development of independence and self-confidence in performing. We have determined that the term technological literacy is poorly known among educators and that more technical activities could be carried out in kindergartens. The diploma thesis is intended for everyone, but especially for educators and students of preschool education. With our work we want to explore the development of technological literacy in children, aged 3–4 years. We want to influence the work of educators in order to include as many technical activities as possible in their work.

• Keywords: technological literacy