Sagittal pelvic orientation feature analysis for predicting degenerative diseases is a research in the field of medicine or more specifically orthopedics. Sagittal balance means a harmonious shape of the spine and proper sagittal orientation of the pelvis is crucial in ensuring this. Sagittal orientation of the pelvis is determined based on biomechanical or geometric parameters, which are then used to identify abnormalities that can cause degenerative diseases, such as disc herniation and spondylolisthesis.
Determining pelvic orientation irregularities is usually a manual task and the result is a relatively subjective decision. With modern machine learning techniques, patients can be classified and thus enable an easier and more accurate decision. The paper first presents an analysis of geometric parameters used to diagnose patients with degenerative diseases of the lumbar spine, and then the parameters are also used in various predictive models, which are used to classify such patients.
We found that the most successful predictive machine learning model for our data is logistic regression. It achieves the accurateness of diagnosing hernia – sensitivity: 83.3% (95%CI 72.1 - 96.8%) and specificity: 75.0% (95%CI 64.7 - 85.2%), which is comparable to the accuracy of clinical diagnosis. The accurateness of diagnosing spondylolisthesis with our model is – sensitivity: 96,4% (95% CI 93,6 - 99,1%) and specificity: 97.5% (95%CI 94.3 - 1.0%), which improves the sensitivity of the clinical diagnosis of spondylolisthesis from 8% to 36%, and the specificity to about 10%.
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