Zmanjšanje spremenljivosti proizvodnje obnovljivih virov s koordiniranim delovanjem v okviru virtualne elektrarne

URBANC, JAN (avtor), Blažič, Boštjan (mentor)

Večanje števila razpršenih proizvodnih virov v obliki sončnih elektrarn povzroči nekontrolirano proizvodnjo električne energije. Operater električnega omrežja ima zato vedno manjšo zmožnost regulacije proizvodnje električne energije. Zaradi dejstva, da je delovna moč sončnih elektrarn direktno odvisna od jakosti sončnega sevanja, je njihova proizvodnja zelo volatilna. Kot protiukrep za blaženje posledic volatilne proizvodnje bo v prihodnosti potrebno v omrežje vključiti dodatne regulirane elemente. Regulirani elementi, kot so električni hranilniki, regulacijska bremena, plinske elektrarne in druge naprave, predstavljajo dodatne stroške pri izgradnji in upravljanju električnega omrežja. V magistrskem delu sem obravnaval neklasično metodo za zmanjševanje volatilnosti proizvodnje dveh večjih sončnih elektrarn. Kot reguliran element je bila uporabljena mala hidroelektrarna z akumulacijskim zajetjem energijske vrednosti približno 3,7 MWh. Z numeričnim programom sem analiziral princip delovanja virtualne elektrarne. Podatki, na katerih so bazirale analize, obsegajo obdobje enega leta. Z uporabo dveh različnih napovedi sončnega sevanja sem izračunal dve krivulji predvidene delovne moči sončnih elektrarn. Naloga reguliranega elementa v virtualni elektrarni je bila pokriti morebitno odstopanje delovne moči sončnih elektrarn od napovedane. Pri analiziranem modelu sem upošteval vse tehnične omejitve proizvodnih naprav in pa tudi ekonomski faktor obratovanja hidroelektrarne. Primerjava napovedane ter izračunane delovne moči virtualne elektrarne kaže na to, da v primeru neregulirane delovne moči hidroelektrarne virtualna elektrarna sledi napovedi delovne moči samo v 10% obratovalnega časa. Z uporabo najboljše metode napovedi delovne moči sončne elektrarne in z uporabo regulacije delovne moči hidroelektrarne se ta delež poveča na 65 %. Analiza razkrije, da je takšen sistem zmožen zmanjšati volatilnost proizvodnje sončne elektrarne, vendar v omejenem obsegu.

• Jezik: Slovenski jezik
• Ključne besede: volatilnost proizvodnje, virtualna elektrarna, napoved proizvodnje MFE
• Vrsta gradiva: Magistrsko delo/naloga
• Organizacija: FE - Fakulteta za elektrotehniko
• Leto izida: 2021
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-124811
• Datum objave v RUL: 19.02.2021

Sekundarni jezik

• Jezik: Angleški jezik
• Naslov: Reducing the variability of renewables generation through coordinated operation within a virtual power plant

Izvleček

The increasing number of distributed energy resources in form of solar power plants has led to uncontrolled power production. Therefore, the grid operator has less and less capabilities to regulate power production. Due to the fact that the active power of solar power plants is directly dependent on the intensity of solar radiation, their production is very volatile. As a countermeasure to reduce the effect of volatile production it will be necessary to include additional regulated elements to the power grid. Regulated elements such as battery storage, control loads, gas power plants and other devices represent additional costs in the construction and management of the electrical network. In my master's thesis, I discussed a non-classical method for reducing the production volatility of two solar power plants. As a regulated element, a small hydroelectric power plant capable of storing 3,7 MWh of energy was used. With the use of numerical program, I have analysed the operating principle of a virtual power plant. The data on which the analyses were based, cover the period of one year. Using two different solar radiation forecasts, I calculated two different predicted active powers of the solar power plants. The task of the regulated element in the virtual power plant was to cover any deviation between predicted and actual active power of the solar power plants. In the analysed model, I took into account all the technical limitations of the production facilities, as well as the economic factor of operating the hydroelectric power plant. A comparison between the predicted and the actual active power of the virtual power plant has shown that in case of unregulated active power of the hydroelectric power plant, the virtual power plant follows the prediction only in 10% of the operating time. With the use of the best method for prediction of the active power of a solar power plants and with the use of the regulation of the active power of a hydroelectric power plant, this share increases to 65%. The analysis reveals that such a system is capable of reducing the volatility of solar power plants production, but to a limited extent

• Ključne besede: production volatility, virtual power plant, small PV production forecast