Kombinirane intervencije pri pisarniških delavcih : diplomsko delo

Motoh, Bernardka Magdalena (author), Plemelj Mohorič, Alenka (mentor), Gričar, Nevenka (reviewer)

Uvod: Za sodoben način življenja je značilno, da je delovno mesto vse bolj sedeče in manj aktivno. Vse večja uporaba računalnikov, dodatno prispeva k tako imenovanem sedentarnemu načinu življenja. Zato je, poleg zmanjšanja sedentarnosti tudi ergonomsko delovno mesto, zelo pomemben dejavnik za preprečevanje poškodb na mišično-skeletnem sistemu. Namen: Zanimalo nas je, ali se je z izvajanjem kombiniranih intervencij sedentarnost doma in na delovnem mestu zmanjšala in ali se je telesna dejavnost povečala in za koliko. Ugotavljali smo, ali so preiskovanci po intervenciji delovno mesto uredili ergonomsko ustreznejše in če se je po tem spremenilo mišično neudobje. Metode dela: Za diplomsko delo je bil izbran kvantitativni raziskovalni pristop - eksperiment. Sodelovalo je 12 preiskovancev v intervencijski in 16 v kontrolni skupini, vsi so izvajali pisarniško delo. Intervencijska skupina je prejela kombinirane intervencije za zmanjšanje sedentarnega vedenja: edukacija o sedentarnem vedenju, ergonomiji in aktivnem odmoru in mobilno aplikacijo. Čas sedentarnega vedenja se je meril s pospeškometrom ActivPal, telesna dejavnost v minutah pa z Actigraphom. Kontrolna skupina, ni prejela nobene intervencije. Mišično neudobje se je ugotavljalo z modificirano Corleltt metodo. Rezultati: Statistična analiza rezultatov ni pokazala statistično značilne razlike časa sedentarnosti pred in po intervenciji na delovnem mestu in doma. Prav tako ni bila izkazana razlika v telesni dejavnosti preiskovancev. Delovno mesto je bilo ergonomsko urejeno že pred intervencijo. Razprava in zaključek: Intervencije, ki vključujejo zgolj edukacijo, bistveno ne zmanjšajo sedentarnega vedenja. Preiskovanci so izrazili boljše zavedanje o sedentarnem vedenju v povezanosti z zdravjem in dobrem počutjem. Tuje študije izkazujejo pomembno vlogo delovnega terapevta pri prilagajanju delovnega mesta. V nadaljnjih raziskavah, bi bilo smiselno pozornost nameniti aktivnemu odmoru in kombiniranim intervencijam, v katerih bi lahko sodeloval tudi delovni terapevt.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: diplomska dela, delovna terapija, sedentarno vedenje, pisarniško delo, telesna dejavnost, ergonomija
• Work type: Bachelor thesis/paper
• Typology: 2.11 - Undergraduate Thesis
• Organization: ZF - Faculty of Health Sciences
• Place of publishing: Ljubljana
• Publisher: [B. M. Motoh]
• Year: 2021
• Number of pages: 42 str., [5] str. pril.
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-124718
• UDC: 615.851
• COBISS.SI-ID: 51457283
• Publication date in RUL: 12.02.2021

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: Combined interventions aimed at office workers : diploma work

Abstract

Introduction: The modern way of life is characterized by the fact that the workplace is becoming more sedentary and less active. The increased use of computers is further contributing to the so-called sedentary lifestyle. Thus, in addition to reducing sedentariness, the ergonomic workplace also represents a very important factor in preventing injuries to the musculoskeletal system. Purpose: We were interested whether performing combined interventions helped reduce sedentariness at home and the workplace, and whether the physical activity increased and for how much. We tried to determine whether the subjects arranged their workplace more ergonomically after the intervention and if their muscle discomfort subsequently changed. Methods: For our thesis, we chose a quantitative research approach, the experiment. 12 subjects participated in the intervention group and 16 in the control group, all of them performing office work. The intervention group received combined interventions aimed at decreasing sedentary behaviour: education on sedentary behaviour, ergonomics and active recess, and a mobile application. The accelerometer ActivPal was used to measure the time of sedentary behaviour, while we measured the physical activity in minutes with Actigraph. The control group received no interventions. To determine muscle discomfort, we used the modified Corleltt method. Results: The statistical analysis of the results did not show a statistically significant difference between the sedentary time before and after the intervention at the workplace and home. Additionally, the difference in the physical activity of the subjects did not show. The workplace was ergonomically arranged already before the intervention. Discussion and conclusion: Interventions that include education alone do not significantly reduce sedentary behaviour. The subjects expressed higher awareness of sedentary behaviour and its relation to health and well-being. Foreign studies demonstrate the important role of the occupational therapist in adjusting the workplace. Paying attention to active breaks and combined interventions with the participation of the occupational therapist is recommended in further research.

• Keywords: diploma theses, occupational therapy, sedentary behaviour, office work, physical activity, ergonomics