Introduction: Maximum independence in carrying out activities is important for the quality of life in old age. The environment, both physically and socially, is also linked to how older people maintain this independence. To maintain independence, the challenges of the environment must not exceed the ability of the individual. Purpose: The purpose of this thesis is to investigate the relationship between the living environment of the elderly and the implementation of activities according to age, level of independence and form of residence. Methods of work: Data were obtained from a survey questionnaire containing four parts. The first part was devoted to obtaining demographic data, the second part was represented by the Barthel Index. The third part contained 11 statements about the social environment, where respondents marked agreement on a 3-point Likert scale. The fourth part contained 17 statements about the physical environment, to which the respondents answered with YES or NO. The sampling was purposeful and occasional. Results: The response rate of the respondents in the early age group agreed with the statements about the social environment was higher than the rate of the elderly in the late age period. Respondents in the late age period agreed with the statements about the physical environment in higher percentage than respondents in the early age group. Higher percentage of respondents, who live in an institution, agreed with the statements about physical environment. Discussion and Conclusion: The execution of activities is influenced by the elderlies’ abilities, activity and environment. All these factors are closely related therefore the occupational therapist must consider this when treating a client and see them as a whole. The institutional physical environment is more adapted to elderlies’ residence than their domestic environments. An occupational therapist could enable more autonomous execution of activities for the elderly by appropriately adapting their domestic environments and performing treatments at their home.
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