Razlikovanje vrst spominčic (Myosotis spp.) s pomočjo molekulskih markerjev

Stojilkovič, Valentina (author), Strgulc Krajšek, Simona (mentor), Anžlovar, Sabina (comentor)

Rod spominčic (Myosotis spp.) uvrščamo v družino srhkolistovk (Boraginaceae) in obsega približno 100 vrst, ki večinoma uspevajo v zmernem podnebnem pasu obeh polobel. Veljajo za taksonomsko zahteven rod, saj so vrste poliploidne, ozko sorodne in jih med seboj morfološko težko razlikujemo. V naši nalogi smo se osredotočili na skupini planinske in gozdne spominčice, saj so predhodno narejene raziskave odprle številna nova vprašanja. Na 48-ih vzorcih smo izmerili velikost peloda, za 66 vzorcev iz Slovenije in obmejnih območij Avstrije, Italije in Hrvaške pa smo sekvencirali molekulski označevalec ITS. Rezultati so pokazali, da povprečna velikost peloda za vrsto M. sylvatica znaša 5,96 µm, za vrsto M. decumbens 7,11 µm in za M. alpestris agg. 7,40 µm. Ugotovili smo, da se skupini planinske in gozdne spominčice jasno ločita in predstavljata sestrski skupini, prav tako se lepo ločita tudi vrsti M. sylvatica in M. decumbens, ki spadata v skupino gozdne spominčice. Zaradi majhnosti števila vzorcev in ker uporaba molekulskega označevalca ni pokazala pomembnih razlik znotraj skupine M. alpestris, pri tej skupini vrst znotraj agregata nismo ločevali. Geografska analiza je pokazala, da so razlike v sekvencah pri M. alpestris agg. velike in posledično ta skupina nima teže, medtem ko so razlike v sekvencah pri vrstama M. sylvatica in M. decumbens minimalne, tudi pri tistih vzorcih, ki niso bili nabrani na istem območju.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: Myosotis alpestris agg., Myosotis sylvatica agg., spominčica, Slovenija, sistematika, velikost peloda, regija ITS, BLAST, GenBank
• Work type: Master's thesis/paper
• Organization: BF - Biotechnical Faculty
• Year: 2021
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-124462
• COBISS.SI-ID: 52235011
• Publication date in RUL: 23.01.2021

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: Identification of Myosotis species using molecular markers

Abstract

Myosotis spp. is nested within Boraginaceae family. It comprises about 100 species that grow in the temperate zones of both hemispheres. Forget-me-nots are known for their taxonomic difficulties, as they are polyploids that are closely related and morphologically very similar. In our study, we focused on the genetics of M. alpestris agg. and M. sylvatica agg. as previous studies caused confusion in both groups. The size of the pollen was measured on 48 samples and 66 samples from Slovenia and the border areas with Austria, Italy and Croatia were sequenced for analyses of the ITS region. The results showed the differences in pollen grain size: the mean value for M. sylvatica was 5,96 µm, for M. decumbens 7,11 µm and for M. alpestris agg. 7,40 µm. The study showed a genetic divergence between M. alpestris agg. and M. sylvatica agg. A clear genetic divergence was also found between M. sylvatica and M. decumbens species corresponding to the M. sylvatica group. Due to the lack of samples, no important genetic differences were found within the M. alpestris group, so that the analyses at group level could be maintained. Geographical analyses revealed large differences in the sequences within M. alpestris agg. while the sequences of M. sylvatica and M. decumbens showed only very small differences even between samples collected at different sites.

• Keywords: Myosotis alpestris agg., Myosotis sylvatica agg., forget-me-not, Slovenia, systematics, pollen size, ITS region, BLAST, GenBank