Sodstvo in tranzicija: oškodovanje družbene lastnine v sodni praksi

Zupan, Žan (author), Štajnpihler Božič, Tilen (mentor)

Pravni sistem Republike Slovenije se je v veliki meri izoblikoval v obdobju tranzicije. Ta izraz v slovenskem kontekstu navadno označuje množico procesov, povezanih s ponovno vzpostavitvijo kapitalizma in odcepitvijo od Socialistične federativne republike Jugoslavije. Sodstvo v tem procesu ni bilo ukinjeno ter je še naprej opravljalo svoje tradicionalne naloge, zato je lahko vplivalo tudi na nekatere tranzicijske procese. Ena pomembnejših razlik med pravnim redom nekdanje SFRJ in Republike Slovenije je pojmovanje lastnine. Prevladujoča oblika lastninskih odnosov v Jugoslaviji je bila družbena lastnina, ki ni zgolj posebna oblika lastninske pravice, pač pa predpostavlja poseben ekonomski sistem. V obdobju tranzicije je bila družbena lastnina postopno ukinjena. To se je do neke mere zgodilo že z lastninskimi reformami znotraj SFRJ, dokončno pa z vzpostavitvijo slovenske privatizacijske zakonodaje. Ena prvih nalog sodišč v samostojni Republiki Sloveniji je bila obravnava primerov revizije oškodovanja družbene lastnine. Gre za poseben institut, ki ga je zakonodajalec uvedel kot odziv na spremenjeno ravnanje ekonomskih akterjev po lastninskih reformah konec osemdesetih let prejšnjega stoletja. Sodstvo je vplivalo na proces lastninske transformacije prek odločanja o primerih revizije oškodovanja družbene lastnine. Svojih odločitev pa sodišča niso izoblikovala v vakumu, pač pa so bila omejena z zakonsko ureditvijo, družbenopolitičnimi okoliščinami, nenazadnje pa tudi z ravnanjem ostalih akterjev v pravni sferi.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: sodstvo, tranzicija, družbena lastnina, privatizacija, revizija oškodovanja družbene lastnine
• Work type: Master's thesis/paper
• Organization: PF - Faculty of Law
• Year: 2020
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-124075
• COBISS.SI-ID: 55708931
• Publication date in RUL: 24.12.2020

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: Judiciary and Transition: the case-law on damages to socially-owned property

Abstract

The legal system of the Republic of Slovenia has been largely formed during the period of the so-called transition. In the specific context of Slovenia, transition is used to describe a set of processes pertaining to the reintroduction of capitalism and secession from the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia. During that period, the judiciary had never been abolished but continued to perform typical judicial functions and could therefore influence certain transitional processes. One of the crucial differences between the legal system of the ex-SFRY and that of The Republic of Slovenia is the conception of property. The prevailing mode of property relations was social ownership, which is not just a special form of a property right but presupposes a specific economic system. During the transition period the social ownership was gradually abolished. To a certain extent this had happened already due to the property laws reform in SFRY, but it was finalized by Slovenia's own privatization legislation. One of the first challenges the judiciary in the independent Slovenia faced were cases pertaining to the audit of damages to socially-owned property, a special legal institute which was ushered in because of the changed behaviour of economic subjects after the property reforms in the late 1980s. The judiciary had influenced the process of the transformation of property relations by adjudicating on cases of the damages to socially-owned property. However, the court’s decisions were not formed in a vacuum, but were limited by legislation, socio-political circumstances, and other actors in the legal sphere.

• Keywords: judiciary, transition, social ownership, privatization, audit of damages to socially-owned property