Empatija pri otrocih v povezavi s stikom z živaljo : magistrsko delo

Golouh, Zarja (author), Kobal Grum, Darja (mentor)

Stik z živaljo je za otroka priložnost za spoznanje, da imajo tudi druga bitja svoja čustva in želje ter se odzivajo na njegovo vedenje. Iz tega opažanja izhaja hipoteza, da lahko stik z živaljo pozitivno vpliva na razvoj empatije pri otroku. V raziskavi smo želeli s pomočjo eksperimenta, v okviru katerega smo izvajali interesno dejavnost Mačje urice, katere namen je bil spodbujati empatijo pri drugošolcih s pomočjo stika z živaljo, preveriti hipotezo, da bo imela interesna dejavnost, ki temelji na nestrukturiranih interakcijah med otrokom in mačkami, vpliv na konstrukt empatije in na otrokov odnos do živali. Učence, vključene v primerjalno skupino (N = 43), smo primerjali z ustrezno kontrolno skupino (N = 41), ki ni obiskovala podobnih dejavnosti, na podlagi sekundarne ocene staršev na vprašalnikih za merjenje empatije in navezanosti na hišne ljubljenčke pri otrocih. Rezultati so pokazali, da je imela interesna dejavnost vpliv na čustveno komponento empatije, ki je bil viden tri mesece po prekinitvi dejavnosti. Na podlagi te ugotovitve sem delno sprejela hipotezo, da bo interesna dejavnost vplivala na empatijo in odnos do živali. Preverila sem tudi hipotezo, da so otroci, ki imajo hišnega ljubljenčka, bolj empatični kot otroci, ki ljubljenčka nimajo, in da so rezultati na podlestvicah empatije in navezanosti na hišne ljubljenčke pomembno pozitivno povezani. Rezultati ne kažejo nobenih razlik v empatiji glede na hišnega ljubljenčka, povezava med konstruktom navezanosti na ljubljenčke in empatijo pa je bila prisotna samo na vzorcu otrok, ki imajo hišne ljubljenčke.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: empatija, interakcija človek-žival, mačke, intervencija v šolskem okolju, osnovnošolski učenci
• Work type: Master's thesis/paper
• Typology: 2.09 - Master's Thesis
• Organization: FF - Faculty of Arts
• Place of publishing: Ljubljana
• Publisher: [Z. Golouh]
• Year: 2020
• Number of pages: 73 str.
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-122224
• UDC: 159.923.3:59-057.874(043.2)
• COBISS.SI-ID: 51375363
• Publication date in RUL: 28.11.2020

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: Empathy in children in connection with animal contact

Abstract

Human-animal contact is an oportunity for a child to realize that other creatures also have their own feelings and wants and they react to the child's behaviour. This observation serves as a basis for a hypotesis that contact with an animal has positive impact on empathy development in children. In this study I wanted to test the hypotesis that an extracurricular activity Cats' hour meant to promote empathy in second graders which includes nonstructured interaction between children and cats will have some effect on empathy and attachment to pets in children. I compared children in the experimental group (N=43) with children in a control group (N=41), who were not included in any similar activities, on parent-report measures for empathy and attachment to pets in children. Results show that the Cats' hour activity had some positive effect on the emotional component of empathy, which was observed three months after its termination. This result allowed me to partly accept the hypotesis that the activity will have effect on both components of empathy and on attachment to pets. I also tested the hypotesis that children with pets have higher empathy scores compared to children without pets and that both components of empathy and attachment to pets score will correlate with each other. Results did not show any differences in empathy between children with or without pets and the correlations between attachment to pets and empathy was only present in children with pets.

• Keywords: empathy, human-animal interaction, cats, school-based intervention, elementary school students