Pomen izobraževanja osnovnošolcev tretje triade o temeljnih postopkih oživljanja z uporabo avtomatskega zunanjega defibrilatorja za ustrezno ukrepanje ob nenadnem srčnem zastoju

Pivač, Sanela (author), Skela Savič, Brigita (mentor), Gradišek, Primož (comentor)

Izhodišča Prednosti zgodnjega učenja osnovnošolcev tretje triade o temeljnih postopkih oživljanja oseb v srčnem zastoju so povečanje znanja in s tem povezana samozavest, da se k oživljanju pristopi in se ga izvede, pripravljenost pomagati drugim in notranja motiviranost za pomoč drugim. Namen Namen doktroskega dela je bil ugotoviti, v kolikšni meri se uspešnost izobraževanja osnovnošolcev tretje triade osnovne šole iz vsebin temeljnih postopkov oživljanja z uporabo avtomatskega zunanjega defibrilatorja razlikuje glede na starost le teh in hkrati ovrednotiti ali pridobljeno znanje udeležencev izobraževanj poveča prosocialno vedenje. Metode Uporabljen je bil mešani raziskovalni dizajn, kohortne raziskave s preverjanjem znanja pred in po izvedenem izobraževanju in metoda fokusnih skupin. Raziskava je bila izvedena v 15 osnovnih šolah, kjer je potekalo izobraževanje o temeljnih postopkih oživljanja. V vzorec je bilo pred izobraževanjem vključenih 764 osnovnošolcev, po izobraževanju 566 osnovnošolcev. V fokusne skupine so bili vključeni izvajalci in načrtovalci izobraževanj o oživljanju. Oblikovane so bile tri nehomogene fokusne skupine, v kateri je v septembru in oktobru 2018 sodelovalo 8 izvajalcev oziroma pripravljavcev izobraževanj o oživljanju. Zbiranje podatkov s strukturiranim vprašalnikom je potekalo od meseca aprila do konca junija 2018. Zbrane podatke smo v programu SPSS obdelali z univariatno, bivariatno in multivariatno analizo. Izvedena je bila analiza besedila transkripta razprav v fokusnih skupinah. Rezultati Največji napredek v stopnji znanja o temeljnih postopkih oživljanja z uporabo avtomatskega zunanjega defibrilatorja je bil v 7. razredu, kjer se je znanje izboljšalo v povprečju za 2,65 točke (p = 0,001), znanje po izobraževanju med razredi je bilo izenačeno (p = 0,639). Osnovnošolci so z izobraževanjem pridobili na samozavesti (p=0,001) ter pri pripravljenosti pomagati (p=0,003). Analiza fokusnih skupin je podala 3 zaključene teme: 1.) Ovire, ki so prisotne pri izvajanju izobraževanj o TPO 2.) učinki izobraževanja za osnovnošolce in razvoj komponent prosocialnega vedenja in 3.) sistemska odgovornost šolstva in strokovnih združenj. Diskusija in zaključek Ugotovljen je napredek znanja po izvedenem izobraževanju o oživljanju osnovnošolcev. Izkaže se tako je znanje o oživljanju eden izmed osnovnih dejavnikov, ki vpliva na razvoj prosocialnega vedenja osnovnošolcev, saj se pozitivno razvija zavest o odgovornosti pomagati drugim, prav tako se krepi samozavest za izvedbo akta oživljanja.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: znanje, veščine, vedenje osnovnošolcev
• Work type: Doctoral dissertation
• Organization: MF - Faculty of Medicine
• Year: 2020
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-121914
• COBISS.SI-ID: 37328387
• Publication date in RUL: 08.11.2020

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: The importance of education of last three-years primary school pupils on basic resuscitation procedures with the use of automatic external defibrillator to take proper measures in case of sudden cardiac arrest

Abstract

Background The benefits of early introduction of cardiopulmonary resuscitation training to children in the last three grades of elementary school include greater knowledge of the topic, increased self-confidence to perform bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation, increased helping behavior, and internal motivation to help others. Aim The aim of the doctoral thesis was to establish to what extent the effectiveness of training on cardiopulmonary resuscitation with the use of an automated external defibrillator for children in the last three grades of elementary school varies according to the children’s age, and to determine whether the knowledge gained by children in cardiopulmonary resuscitation increases their prosocial behavior. Methods A mixed methods research design was employed, using a cohort study prior to and after training, and focus groups. Research was conducted in 15 elementary schools where children received cardiopulmonary resuscitation training. The sample included 764 schoolchildren prior to cardiopulmonary resuscitation training and 566 schoolchildren after training. Three non-homogenous focus groups convened in September and October 2018 and included eight cardiopulmonary resuscitation training instructors and developers. Data was collected with a structured questionnaire from April to the end of June 2018 and analyzed with SPSS software using univariate, bivariate, and multivariate analyses. Content analysis of the transcriptions made from focus group discussions was conducted. Results The most significant progress in the level of cardiopulmonary resuscitation knowledge with the use of an automated external defibrillator was seen among seventh-graders whose level of knowledge increased by 2.65 points (p = 0.001), on average. After cardiopulmonary resuscitation training, all age groups had a comparable level of cardiopulmonary resuscitation knowledge (p = 0.639). Cardiopulmonary resuscitation training increased schoolchildren’s self-confidence (p=0.001) and promoted helping behavior (p=0.003). Analysis of the focus groups yielded three themes: (a) obstacles for introducing cardiopulmonary resuscitation training to elementary schools, (b) the effects of cardiopulmonary resuscitation training on schoolchildren and the development of prosocial behavior components, and (c) the systemic responsibility of the school system and professional bodies. Discussion and conclusion Progress in schoolchildren’s knowledge on cardiopulmonary resuscitation was established after the training. Cardiopulmonary resuscitation knowledge was shown to be one of the basic factors influencing the development of schoolchildren’s prosocial behavior, as it raised awareness of the responsibility to help others and increased children’s self-confidence to provide cardiopulmonary resuscitation.

• Keywords: knowledge, skills, schoolchildren’s behavior