Prvi ukrepi laikov pri poškodbah zob : diplomsko delo

Bobnar, Sabina (avtor), Sotler, Robert (mentor), Rojko, Franc (komentor), Levec, Tina (recenzent)

Uvod: Poškodbe zob se nam lahko pripetijo kadarkoli – v otroštvu, mladosti ali starosti. Travmatične poškodbe zob, ki vključujejo poškodbe zob in dlesni ter poškodbe ostalih obzobnih tkiv, predstavljajo približno eno tretjino vseh poškodb. Dobro je poznati anatomijo zoba ter ločiti mlečne zobe od stalnih, saj nam bo to v pomoč pri prepoznavi poškodb zob, hkrati pa bomo vedeli, kako pravilno ukrepati. Namen: Namen diplomskega dela je predstaviti poškodbe zob in podrobnejše opisati zlom zoba ter ukrepe prve pomoči pri takšnih poškodbah. Metode dela: Diplomsko delo je napisano na podlagi deskriptivnega sistematičnega pregleda slovenske in tuje literature. Članki so bili pridobljeni iz naslednjih podatkovnih baz: PubMed, ScienceDirect, Springer Link, Google Scholar in COBISS. Časovni okvir nastalih člankov je od leta 2013 do 2020, vključenih pa je bilo 41 del. Rezultati: Na podlagi pregledane literature smo ugotovili, da je odlom zoba pogost pojav posebno pri zgornjih prvih sekalcih. V takšnem primeru je potrebno zobni okrušek poiskati in ga ustrezno shraniti vse do obiska zobozdravnika. Pri poškodbah zob ni nujno, da so le-te opazne, zato je potreben natančen pregled ustne votline, včasih je potrebno opraviti tudi rentgensko slikanje. Potrebna sta hitro ukrepanje in takojšen obisk zobozdravnika. Le tako bomo zagotovili, da zob in njegove celice ne bodo začeli odmirati. Razprava in zaključek: Kot najustreznejši medij za shranjevanje se je izkazalo mleko, ki omogoča učinkovito shranjevanje zoba tudi do šest ur po poškodbi. Rezultati so sicer pokazali, da so laiki neizkušeni in nevešči o ukrepanju pri poškodbah zob. Problem se pojavi že pri manjših poškodbah, saj jih športniki in starši običajno ne jemljejo dovolj resno, posledično ne obiščejo zobozdravnika, kar pa lahko privede do dolgoročnih posledic. Zaradi nepravilnega ukrepanja in neznanja lahko nastanejo kasnejši zapleti, zato bi bilo potrebno ljudi že od otroštva naprej poučevati o travmatičnih zobnih poškodbah, znanje pa ohranjati in obnavljati.

• Jezik: Slovenski jezik
• Ključne besede: diplomska dela, laboratorijska zobna protetika, zobje, poškodba zob, travmatične poškodbe zob, zlomi, prva pomoč, sekalci, laiki
• Vrsta gradiva: Diplomsko delo/naloga
• Tipologija: 2.11 - Diplomsko delo
• Organizacija: ZF - Zdravstvena fakulteta
• Kraj izida: Ljubljana
• Založnik: [S. Bobnar]
• Leto izida: 2020
• Št. strani: 39 str., [6] str. pril.
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-121904
• UDK: 616.31
• COBISS.SI-ID: 36220419
• Datum objave v RUL: 07.11.2020

Sekundarni jezik

• Jezik: Angleški jezik
• Naslov: First measures of laypeople in teeth injuries : diploma work

Izvleček

Introduction: Tooth injuries can occur to us at any time – in childhood, adolescence or old age. Traumatic dental injuries, which include tooth injuries, gum damage, and damage to other periodontal tissues, account for approximately a third of all injuries. It is good to know the anatomy of the tooth, and differentiate between primary and secondary teeth as this will help us recognize dental injury and act accordingly. Purpose: The purpose of this diploma work is to present dental injuries, describe tooth fracture in more detail, and illustrate first aid measures for such injuries. Methods: The diploma work is written based on a descriptive systematic review of Slovenian and foreign literature. Articles were obtained through the following databases: PubMed, ScienceDirect, Springer Link, Google Scholar, and COBISS. A total of 41 articles were included, which are dated from 2013 until 2020. Results: The conclusion, on the basis of the reviewed literature, is that tooth fracture is a common occurrence, especially with upper central incisors. In cases like this, the broken fragment should be found and brought to the next dentist's appointment. Tooth injury is not necessarily visible; thus a thorough inspection of the oral cavity is required, and sometimes it is also needed to do an X-ray scan. A quick intervention followed by a dentist appointment is necessary. This is the only way we can ensure that the tooth and its cells won't begin to die. Discussion and conclusion: Milk proved to be the most suitable storage medium which enables efficient storage of the tooth even up to 6 hours after the injury. The results show that laymen are inexperienced and unskilful when it comes to dealing with teeth injuries. The problem occurs even with the smallest of injuries because athletes and parents usually don't take them seriously enough. Consequently, they do not visit the dentist, which can lead to long-term consequences. Improper action and ignorance can lead to later complications, that is why people should be taught about traumatic dental injuries from childhood onwards and knowledge should be regularly maintained

• Ključne besede: diploma theses, laboratory dental prosthetics, teeth, tooth injury, traumatic dental injuries, fractures, first aid, incisors, laymen