Galektin-3 kot dejavnik tveganja za srčno-žilne dogodke pri bolnikih s periferno arterijsko boleznijo

Puščenik, Lara (avtor), Božič Mijovski, Mojca (mentor)

Periferna arterijska bolezen (PAB) je patološko stanje, za katero je značilna delna ali popolna zapora arterij spodnjih ali zgornjih okončin, ki nastane kot posledica ateroskleroze. Močno je povezana s srčno-žilnimi (SŽ) dogodki, zato bolnike s PAB uvrščamo v skupino z najvišjo stopnjo tveganja za SŽ dogodke. Kljub temu jih je več kot polovica nediagnosticiranih, saj bolezen napreduje počasi in v veliko primerih asimptomatsko. Zaenkrat edino presejalno metodo za odkrivanje PAB predstavlja merjenje gleženjskega indeksa, nimamo pa na voljo bioloških kazalnikov, s katerimi bi ugotovili, kakšno tveganje za nastanek SŽ dogodkov imajo posamezni bolniki s PAB. V ta namen smo kot potencialni napovedni dejavnik SŽ dogodkov preučevali serumski galektin-3, za katerega vemo, da deluje proaterogeno. V raziskavo smo vključili 1117 bolnikov iz vse Slovenije in s pomočjo metode ELISA v arhiviranih serumih določili koncentracijo galektina-3. S pomočjo statistične analize smo najprej določili točnost in natančnost metode, klinične značilnosti bolnikov in pogledali, kako se porazdeljujeta starost in koncentracija galektina-3. Raziskali smo tudi vpliv spola in starosti na koncentracijo galektina-3. Sledila je primerjava koncentracije galektina-3 med bolniki s PAB in brez nje ter določitev relativnega tveganja za bolezen. V zadnjem delu naloge smo na podlagi koncentracije galektina-3 med seboj primerjali različne skupine bolnikov glede na to, ali so doživeli SŽ dogodek ali ne, koliko dogodkov so doživeli, ali so doživeli manjši ali večji SŽ dogodek in katero vrsto dogodka so doživeli. Na koncu smo preverili še, ali galektin-3 napoveduje SŽ dogodke ali ne. Na osnovi naših rezultatov smo ugotovili, da je koncentracija galektina-3 višja pri bolnikih s PAB kot pri bolnikih brez nje, s 23-odstotno višjim relativnim tveganje za PAB pri koncentraciji galektina-3 > 4,5 ng/mL. Povezave med SŽ dogodki in koncentracijo galektina-3 nismo potrdili. V prihodnosti lahko pričakujemo, da bo na področju napovednih dejavnikov za SŽ dogodke pri bolnikih s periferno arterijsko boleznijo potekalo mnogo raziskav, saj so bolniki eni izmed najbolj ogroženih skupin, odkrivamo in zdravimo pa jih zelo pozno.

• Jezik: Slovenski jezik
• Ključne besede: galektin-3, periferna arterijska bolezen, srčno-žilni dogodki
• Vrsta gradiva: Magistrsko delo/naloga
• Organizacija: FFA - Fakulteta za farmacijo
• Leto izida: 2020
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-121853
• Datum objave v RUL: 03.11.2020

Sekundarni jezik

• Jezik: Angleški jezik
• Naslov: Galectin-3 as a risk factor for cardiovascular events in patients with peripheral artery disease

Izvleček

Peripheral artery disease (PAD) is a pathological condition characterised by partial or complete narrowing of arteries of the lower or upper extremities, which appears as a result of arteriosclerosis. It is highly connected to the cardiovascular (CV) events; therefore, the patients with PAD are classified in the group at the highest risk of CV events. However, more than half of the people with the disease are underdiagnosed because it progresses slowly and asymptomatically. At the moment the only screening method to detect PAD is to measure the ankle-brachial index. Yet, we do not have available indicators to find out what the risk of appearing CV events at individual patients with PAD is. For this purpose, we studied serum galectin-3, which acts proatherogenic as a potential risk factor for the CV events. The research included 1117 patients from all over Slovenia. We determined the concertation of galectin-3 with the ELISA method in archived serum. By using statistical analysis, we defined the accuracy and the repeatability of the method first, then the clinical characteristics of the patients and we examined how the age and the concentration of galectin-3 are distributed. We also researched the gender and the age influence of the concertation of galectin-3. The next step was a comparison of the concentration of galectin-3 among patients with PAD or without it, as well as determining a relative risk for the disease. On the basis of the concentration of galectin-3, in the last part of the research we compared different groups of patients; patients who have experienced a CV event or not, how many CV events they have experienced, whether they experienced a minor or major CV event and the type of event they experienced. At the end, we also checked if galectin-3 predicts CV events or not. Based on our results we found out that the concentration of galectin-3 is higher in patients with PAD than in patients without it. In addition, patients with concentrations of galectin-3 higher than 4.5 ng/mL have 23 % higher relative risks for PAD than patients with lower concentrations. We did not confirm any connections between CV events and a concentration of galactin-3. In future a lot of researches can be expected in the field of prediction factors for cardiovascular events at patients with peripheral artery disease, because these patients are one of the most vulnerable groups being diagnosed and healed with a delay.

• Ključne besede: galectin-3, peripheral artery disease, cardiovascular events