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Notranja diferenciacija in individualizacija pri pouku nemščine in sociologije
ID Gruden, Nataša (Author), ID Židan, Alojzija (Mentor) More about this mentor... This link opens in a new window, ID Kosevski Puljić, Brigita (Mentor) More about this mentor... This link opens in a new window

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Abstract
V magistrski nalogi se ukvarjamo s problematiko notranje diferenciacije in individualizacije pri pouku nemščine in sociologije v gimnazijah. V teoretičnem delu naloge smo opredelili tri vrste diferenciacije. Predstavili smo prednosti in slabosti notranje diferenciacije in individualizacije in navedli nekaj možnih načinov izvedbe diferencirane in individualizirane učne ure pri različnih šolskih predmetih. Ločili smo med terminoma diferenciacija in individualizacija. Povzeli smo značilnosti dveh sistemov notranje diferenciacije in individualizacije, to sta: vsebinsko-tematska in didaktično-metodična učna diferenciacija in individualizacija. Definirali smo termin heterogenost in njegov pomen na šolskem področju ter predstavili razlike med učenci , ki so pomembne za njihov učni uspeh. Navedli smo kompetence novodobnega učitelja. Upoštevali smo, da obstaja veliko didaktičnih pristopov znotraj tradicionalne in novodobne didaktike. Izpostavili smo pestrost njihove uporabe in posredovanje različnih učnih strategij učencem. Podrobneje smo predstavili posredovanje bralnih učnih strategij. Osvetlili smo didaktične pristope učiteljev nemščine in sociologije in izpostavili uporabo informacijsko komunikacijske tehnologije pri pouku. V empiričnem delu naloge smo raziskovali, znotraj katerih didaktičnih pristopov učitelji nemščine in sociologije v gimnazijah izvajajo notranjo diferenciacijo in individualizacijo v konkretnih učnih situacijah in kako presojajo lastno usposobljenost za njeno uspešno realizacijo. Zanimalo nas je tudi, katere prednosti in pomanjkljivosti ji pripisujejo. Ugotovili smo, da uporablja vsak učitelj sebi lastne didaktične pristope. Notranja diferenciacija in individualizacija je pri gimnazijskem pouku manj poudarjena, kot pri osnovnošolskem. Gimnazijski učitelji so zanjo posledično manj usposobljeni. Intervjuvanci presojajo, da je tako organiziran pouk koristen za učence, ker spodbuja kognitivni in celotni osebnostni razvoj posameznika itd. Med njegove slabosti umeščajo zahtevo po visoki angažiranosti, velike razlike med učenci ipd.

Language:Slovenian
Keywords:notranja diferenciacija in individualizacija, nemščina in sociologija, heterogenost, novodobni učitelj, didaktični pristopi
Work type:Master's thesis/paper
Organization:FF - Faculty of Arts
Year:2020
PID:20.500.12556/RUL-121607 This link opens in a new window
Publication date in RUL:20.10.2020
Views:1262
Downloads:152
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Secondary language

Language:English
Title:Internal Differentiation and Individualization in German and Sociology Classes
Abstract:
This master thesis deals with the issues of internal differentiation and individualization in German and Sociology classes in high schools. The theoretical part of the thesis defines three kinds of differentiation. We describe positive and negative aspects of using internal differentiation and individualization in class and present examples of using internal differentiation and individualization in one period for different school subjects. We take into account that differentiation and individualization are not the same thing and summarize the description of the two models of internal differentiation and individualization; the content-thematic internal differentiation and individualization, the didactic-methodical internal differentiation and individualization. We define the term heterogeneity and show its significance for the school system. We introduce the differences between students, which are of great importance for their successful studying and present the competences of modern teachers. We highlight the importance of the use of a wide range of teaching methods and different learning strategies that the teachers pass onto their students. Described in detail are the reading strategies. We highlight didactic approaches of German and Sociology teachers and show, how a teacher’s approach can be either traditional or modern. Taking that under consideration, we focus on one of the modern didactic approaches, namely the use of information and communication technology in class. The empirical part of the thesis tries to establish, which didactic approaches are being used by German and Sociology teachers in high schools in specific learning situations. We aimed to determine how the teachers estimate their internal differentiation and individualization qualifications. Additionally, we were interested in their opinion on positive and negative sides of internal differentiation and individualization. We concluded that each teacher uses their own didactic approaches. Compared to elementary schools, there is less internal differentiation and individualization in high schools. Therefore, high school teachers are less qualified for it. The interviewees asses this particular organization of a lesson to be useful for various reasons. For example, it prompts cognitive and personal growth of students as individuals. However, differentiated and individualized learning process also has its downsides. Among them are the demand for high engagement and the difficulty to consider all the differences between students.

Keywords:internal differentiation and individualization, German and Sociology, heterogeneity, modern teacher, didactic approaches

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