Doživljanje in posledice na duševno zdravje otrok in mladostnikov ob razvezi staršev : diplomsko delo

Šinkovec, Aljaž (author), Thaler, Darja (mentor), Pavel, Nastja (co-mentor), Bizjak, Martina (reviewer)

Uvod: Razveza staršev spada med najtežje in najbolj stresne preizkušnje v življenju, zato negativno vpliva na otroke in mladostnike. Posledice imajo kratkoročen in dolgoročen vpliv in se prenašajo tudi v otrokovo kasnejše, zrelo obdobje. Najbolj ogroženi so otroci, saj večinoma ne razumejo, kaj se dogaja, in imajo veliko težav s prilagajanjem na dano situacijo. Namen: V diplomskem delu smo želeli ugotoviti, kakšen vpliv ima razveza na otroke in mladostnike. Zastavljeni cilji so bili opredelitev razveze, pregled statistike in prikaz najpogostejših problemov, s katerimi se soočajo otroci in mladostniki ob razvezi staršev. Metode dela: Uporabili smo deskriptivno metodo dela s pregledom strokovne in znanstvene literature, ki smo jo poiskali s pomočjo oddaljenega dostopa digitalne knjižnice DiKUL, in z brskanjem v mednarodnih podatkovnih bazah, kot so PubMed, CINAHL, Cochrane Library ter Google Učenjak. Pregled je bil opravljen med novembrom 2019 in majem 2020. Članke smo poiskali s pomočjo ključnih besed besednih zvez, ki se navezujejo na razvezo. Rezultati: Pojav razveze je v današnji družbi zaradi svoje razširjenosti postal sprejemljiv. Na Slovenskem se število razvez tudi povečuje. Raziskave so pokazale, da lahko razveza staršev pri otroku povzroča depresivnost in anksioznost. Poleg tega se vplivi razveze kažejo v vseh obdobjih razvoja in odraščanja. Otrok ima težave z vedenjem in izražanjem čustev. Otroci razvezanih staršev imajo večjo verjetnost, da zaidejo v svet drog in alkoholizma. Razprava in zaključek: Razveza je bila od nekdaj prisotna. Statistični podatki kažejo na porast razvez v Sloveniji, prav tako lahko zasledimo, da je razveza v današnjem času socialno sprejeta. Podatki raziskav kažejo na številne negativne vplive, ki jih ima razveza lahko na otroka. V prihodnje bi morali strokovnjaki natančneje obravnavati otroke, ki so izpostavljeni starševski razvezi, in sicer takoj po tragičnem dogodku. Strokovnjaki, kot so pediatri, psihologi in socialni delavci, bi morali delovati interdisciplinarno in voditi holistično obravnavo. Zdravstveni delavci s pediatričnega področja bi morali imeti dodatna izobraževanja, kjer bi bili bolj seznanjeni, s kakšnimi občutki se lahko otrok ali mladostnik spopada ob razvezi staršev. V prihodnosti bi morali poskrbeti za boljše in hitrejše diagnosticiranje takšnih otrok, saj so velikokrat diagnosticirani prepozno in lahko že razvijejo duševne motnje.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: diplomska dela, zdravstvena nega, razveza zakona, vpliv razveze na otroka, vpliv razveze na mladostnika, problemi razveze, duševno zdravje
• Work type: Bachelor thesis/paper
• Typology: 2.11 - Undergraduate Thesis
• Organization: ZF - Faculty of Health Sciences
• Place of publishing: Ljubljana
• Publisher: [A. Šinkovec]
• Year: 2020
• Number of pages: 25 str.
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-121321
• UDC: 616-083
• COBISS.SI-ID: 31118083
• Publication date in RUL: 04.10.2020

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: Going through parents's divorce and its effects on mental health of children and adolescents : diploma work

Abstract

Introduction:Divorce is one of the hardest and most stressful life events that effects children and adolescents in a negative way. The effects can be short or long term and we can see them in their later adult life. Children are most exposed becouse of not understanding what is going on and they have trouble adapting to the situation. Purpose: The main objective was to discover, what kind of effect does divorce have on children and adolescents. Our goals were to define divorce, look at the statistics and to show the most often problems that children and adolescents experience becouse of the divorce.Methods: We used a descriptive method of working with a review of the professional and scientific literature that we sought through remote access, the DiKul digital library and in international databases such as PubMed, CINAHL, Cochrane Library and Google Scholar. The literature rewiev was conducted between November 2019 and May 2020. We searched for articles using keywords and phrases in connection with divorce. Results: Results show that divorce in today's society has become very acceptable because of its extent. Even in Slovenia the rates of divorce are rising. Results have shown that divorce causes depression and anxiety in children. These two are the most common. Besides that, effects of divorce are seen throughout all phases of development. Children show problems on their academic field, behavior, expressing emotions and there is a chance that he starts using drugs and concuming alcohol. Discussion and conclusion: Divorce was always among us and now it has spread even more. The statistics in Slovenia show that divorce rates are increasing and with it the social acceptance of it. Data shows that divorce has a lot of negative effects on children. Proffessionals should focus more on the children who experience divorce. Social workers, psychologists and paediatricians should work interdisciplinarily and use a holistic approach when treating patients. Pediatric health workers should have extra training in dealing with such children, so that they can understand the childrens perspectives. A quicker diagnostics of these children should be developed in the near future, so that we can prevent them from suffering mental illnesses

• Keywords: diploma theses, nursing care, divorce, effects of parents divorce on children, effects of divorce on adolescents, problems of divorce, mental health