Vpliv raztezanja na zapoznelo mišično bolečino in obseg giba – pregled literature : diplomsko delo

Vidic, Katja (author), Vauhnik, Renata (mentor), Palma, Polona (co-mentor), Hlebš, Sonja (reviewer)

Uvod: Zapoznela mišična bolečina je pogosta posledica izvajanja nevajene telesne vadbe ali vadbe z višjo intenziteto, zlasti kadar le-ta zahteva ekscentrično aktivnost mišic. Običajno jo začutimo od 12 do 24 ur po telesni aktivnosti, svoj vrhunec pa doseže po približno 48 urah ter se v sledečih dneh postopoma zmanjšuje. Njeni simptomi lahko variirajo od blage razdraženosti do hude bolečine, spremljajo pa jo lahko tudi občutljivost, otekanje in togost mišic. Za zmanjšanje simptomov zapoznele mišične bolečine so v uporabi številne metode, med njimi tudi raztezanje. Raztezanje označuje različne terapevtske postopke, s katerimi začasno ali trajno povečamo raztegljivost mehkih tkiv in s tem dosežemo večjo prožnost in obseg gibljivosti. Namen: Namen diplomskega dela je bil pregled literature o vplivu različnih tehnik raztezanja na zapoznelo mišično bolečino in obseg giba. Metode dela: Iskanje literature za izdelavo diplomske naloge je potekalo v podatkovni bazi PubMed z uporabo ključnih besed v angleškem jeziku. V pregledu literature so bile uporabljene raziskave, izbrane na podlagi vključitvenih in izključitvenih kriterijev. Rezultati: V pregled je bilo vključenih sedem raziskav, ki so preučevale vpliv statičnega oziroma dinamičnega raztezanja na z vadbo izzvano zapoznelo mišično bolečino. Izsledki treh raziskav so pokazali zmanjšanje zapoznele mišične bolečine, pri treh pa se je le-ta povečala. O izboljšanju gibljivosti so poročali v treh raziskavah, v dveh pa njeno zmanjšanje. Razprava in zaključek: Iz rezultatov pregledanih raziskav lahko sklepamo, da raztezanje pred vadbo ne vpliva na zmanjšanje zapoznele mišične bolečine po vadbi. Glede raztezanja po vadbi so ugotovitve različne, vendar vrsta raztezanja ne vpliva bistveno na izid. Za povečanje obsega gibljivosti lahko izvajamo statično ali PNF raztezanje pred vadbo ali po njej. Izsledki raziskav so zelo heterogeni, zato jasnih in objektivnih zaključkov o učinkovitosti metod ni moč podati. To nakazuje potrebo po vključitvi večjega števila raziskav v pregled.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: diplomska dela, fizioterapija, raztezanje, zapoznela mišična bolečina, obseg giba
• Work type: Bachelor thesis/paper
• Typology: 2.11 - Undergraduate Thesis
• Organization: ZF - Faculty of Health Sciences
• Place of publishing: Ljubljana
• Publisher: [K. Vidic]
• Year: 2020
• Number of pages: 25 str., [11] str. pril.
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-121187
• UDC: 615.8
• COBISS.SI-ID: 30722819
• Publication date in RUL: 01.10.2020

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: The effect of stretching on delayed onset muscle soreness and range of motion – literature review : diploma work

Abstract

Introduction: Delayed-onset muscle soreness is an often result of unaccustomed exercise or high-intensity exercise, particularly if it involves eccentric muscle contractions. Delayed-onset muscle soreness develops approximately 12 to 24 hours after physical activity, and reaches its peak intensity of symptoms at about 48 hours after cessation of exercise, and then subsides in the following days. Its symptoms can range from mild irritation to severe pain, and can be accompanied by tenderness, swelling, and muscle stiffness. Various treatment strategies for alleviating delayed-onset muscle soreness have been used, including stretching. Stretching refers to any therapeutic maneuver that temporarily or permanently increases the extensibility of soft tissue structures and thus achieves greater flexibility and range of motion. Purpose: The purpose of this thesis was to determine the effect of different stretching techniques on delayed-onset muscle soreness and range of motion. Methods: The literature search was carried out in the PubMed database using keywords in English. The articles, included in the review, were selected according to inclusion and exclusion criteria. Results: Seven studies examining the effect of static or dynamic stretching on exercise-induced delayed muscle soreness were included in the literature review. Three studies reported a decrease in delayed-onset muscle soreness, whereas three of them discovered its increase. An improvement in range of motion was observed in three studies and a decrease in two of them. Discussion and conclusion: We can conclude that stretching before exercise does not alleviate delayed muscle soreness. Stretching after exercise provided mixed results, suggesting that the type of stretching does not affect the outcome when attenuating delayed-onset muscle soreness. To increase the range of motion, static or PNF stretching can be performed before or after exercise. Clear and objective conclusions about the methods' effectiveness cannot be given due to very heterogeneous results from reviewed studies. Further research with more articles included is needed to determine the effect of stretching on delayed-onset muscle soreness and range of motion.

• Keywords: diploma theses, physiotherapy, stretching, delayed-onset muscle soreness, range of motion