Optimizacija taljenja produktov reciklaže akumulatorjev v rotacijskih bobnastih pečeh

Šegel, Gregor (author), Medved, Jože (mentor)

V evropskih industrijskih podjetjih je zavedanje o pomembnosti varovanja okolja iz leta v leto pomembnejše, zato je vse več intelektualnega kapitala usmerjenega v ekološki razvoj, ki teži k proizvodnji manjših količin odpadkov in višji stopnji reciklaže odpadnega materiala, manjšim izpustom ter večji energetski učinkovitosti. V podjetju MPI – Reciklaža, d. o. o., kjer se ukvarjajo z reciklažo odpadnih akumulatorjev, sledijo času in se spopadajo z reševanjem pomembnih ekoloških problemov. Predelava izrabljene svinčene akumulatorske paste zahteva visoke temperature, zaradi česar so potrebne velike količine energije, ob rafinaciji pa se kopičijo večje količine žlindre, ki ni primerna za nadaljnjo predelavo. Namen diplomskega dela je raziskava zmanjšanja količine žlindre s čim manjšim deležem svinca, ki nastane v procesu predelave izrabljene svinčene paste v rotacijskih bobnastih pečeh. Taljenje posameznih surovin in sestavljenih vložkov je potekalo v grafitnih in šamotnih lončkih, produkti taljenja pa so bili analizirani z rentgenskima metodama XRF in XRD. Z metodo DSC je bil preučen potek ogrevanja izrabljene akumulatorske paste, akumulatorskih mrežic in dimnine. Opažene so bile velike razlike v poteku reakcij. Preučen je bil tudi razpad vložka brez določenih reducentov in dodatkov za tvorbo žlindre (železo, antracit in kavstična soda) in z njimi. Ugotovljeno je bilo, da je količino dodatkov, ki posledično vodijo do zmanjšanja količine žlindre, možno zmanjšati z ustrezno tehnologijo vodenja procesa taljenja.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: svinec, reciklaža akumulatorjev, rotacijske bobnaste talilne peči, žlindra
• Work type: Bachelor thesis/paper
• Organization: NTF - Faculty of Natural Sciences and Engineering
• Year: 2020
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-121126
• COBISS.SI-ID: 31084547
• Publication date in RUL: 30.09.2020

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: Optimisation of melting of battery recycling products in rotary drum furnaces

Abstract

In European industrial companies environmental concerns are becoming more important each year. Therefore, a great deal of intellectual capital is directed towards the field of ecological development that encourages production of lesser quantities and more recyclable waste materials and better energy efficiency. In company MPI – Recycling, d. o. o. where they recycle old lead batteries they keep in step with the times and are dealing with solving important ecological questions. Processing of used lead battery paste requires high temperatures for which great quantities of energy are needed. Furthermore, upon purification big quantities of slag not suitable for further processing are produced. The purpose of my diploma work to research possible solutions for lowering quantity of slag that occurs in the process of used lead paste recycling in rotary drum furnaces. Melting of individual raw materials and combined samples in graphite and fireclay melting pots was conducted. Samples were examined with XRD and XRF x-ray methods. With DSC analysis temperature decay of used lead paste, lead mash and smoke dust was examined. Big differences in thermal decomposition process were observed. Raw material decay without reductants and flux (iron, anthracite and caustic soda) was also examined. Results show, it is possible to lower alloying elements quantity that consequently leads to lower slag quantities using high temperature decay.

• Keywords: lead, battery recycling, rotary drum furnaces, slag