Optimalni vrtalni parametri pri udarno rotacijskem vrtanju s sočasno cevitvijo vrtine

Bajuk, Simon (author), Vukelič, Željko (mentor), Šporin, Jurij (comentor)

Udarno rotacijska metoda vrtanja se pogosto uporablja za vrtanje plitvejših vrtin, ki se v največji meri uporabljajo kot inklinometri, piezometri, vodnjaki ali geosonde, njihova globina pa običajno ne presega 250 m. Metoda za kontinuirano napredovanje v hribinsko formacijo uporablja udarne in rotacijske sile. Kompresorska postaja na površju proizvaja visokotlačno kapaciteto komprimiranega zraka, ki je skozi anularen prostor vrtalnega drogovja dovedena do pnevmatskega globinskega kladiva. Batni mehanizem pnevmatskega globinskega kladiva prične ob dovodu komprimiranega zraka ustvarjati udarne sile, s katerimi je dletu omogočeno napredovanje v hribinsko formacijo. Rotacijske sile so za napredovanje orodja v vrtini (vrtalno drogovje, pnevmatsko globinsko kladivo, dleto) proizvedene s strani zgornje rotacijske glave, ki je nameščena na lafeti vrtalnega stroja. Skupek udarnih in rotacijskih sil omogoča udarno rotacijski metodi vrtanja kontinuirano in hitro napredovanje v hribinsko formacijo. V teoretičnem delu magistrskega dela je podrobneje predstavljena udarno rotacijska metoda vrtanja s sočasno cevitvijo vrtine. Ekscentrično dleto, nameščeno na pnevmatsko globinsko kladivo, s pomočjo udarno rotacijskih sil napreduje v hribinsko formacijo in vrta nadprofil vrtine. Sočasno je z rotacijo spodnje rotacijske glave, ki je na lafeti vrtalnega stroja, v vrtino gnana zaščitna cevitev. Dve izmed poglavitnih nalog zaščitne cevitve sta varovanje ostenja vrtine pred zarušitvijo in vzpostavitev transportne poti za iznos navrtanine. V praktičnem delu magistrskega dela so predstavljeni vsi pomembnejši segmenti črpalne vrtine Mmu-2/19, izvrtane po udarno rotacijski metodi vrtanja s sočasno cevitvijo vrtine. V začetnem delu je predstavljeno vrtanje uvodne in filtrske kolone vrtine. Uvodna kolona je bila do globine 49,5 m izvrtana z ekscentričnim dletom O315 mm ter sočasno cevljena z zaščitnimi cevmi O298,5 mm. Filtrska kolona je bila do globine 150,18 m izvrtana z ekscentričnim dletom O237 mm ter sočasno cevljena z zaščitnimi cevmi O219,1 mm. V nadaljevanju so prikazani izračuni izgub komprimiranega zraka v posameznih segmentih vrtalnega postrojenja. V zadnjem delu so prikazane karotažne meritve, aktivacija vrtine in črpalni preizkus. Magistrskemu delu je kot priloga 1 priložena karotažna meritev vrtine Mmu-2/19.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: udarno rotacijsko vrtanje, udarno rotacijsko vrtanje s sočasno cevitvijo vrtine, pnevmatsko globinsko kladivo, ekscentrično dleto, komprimiran zrak
• Work type: Master's thesis/paper
• Organization: NTF - Faculty of Natural Sciences and Engineering
• Year: 2020
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-120894
• COBISS.SI-ID: 32955651
• Publication date in RUL: 26.09.2020

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: Optimal drilling parameters during rotary percussion drilling and simultaneous casing of borehole

Abstract

The rotary percussion drilling is commonly used for shallow wells such as inclinometers, piezometers, wells or geothermal wells with a maximum depth of 250 m. This method applies impact and rotational forces for continuous progression into geological formation. The mobile air compressor on the surface produces a volume of compressed air which is supplied through the annular space of the drill rod to a pneumatic down the hole hammer. Afterwards the piston mechanism of the pneumatic down the hole hammer begins to create impact forces which enable the drill bit to penetrate into geological formation. Rotational forces are produced by the upper rotary head, mounted on the drill carriage, and induce the progression of several tools in the borehole (drill rod, pneumatic down the hole hammer, drill bit). The rotary percussion drilling produces the combination of impact and rotational forces¬ that enable continuous and rapid penetration into geological formation. The theoretical part of the master’s thesis includes detailed description of the rotary percussion drilling and simultaneous casing of the borehole. The eccentric drill bit, mounted on a pneumatic down the hole hammer, penetrates into geological formation by percussive rotational forces and drills the overprofile of the drill hole. A casing is simultaneously put into the drill hole through the rotation of the lowery rotary head which is mounted on the drill carriage. The casing protects the drill hole from collapsing and functions as a route for the removal of cuttings. The practical part of the master’s thesis describes the segments of the Mmu-2/19 production well made by rotary percussion drilling and simultaneous casing of the borehole. In the initial part the drilling of the introductory and filter column of the well are presented. The introductory casing was drilled to a depth of 49.5 m with an eccentric drill bit (Ø315 mm) and simultaneously cased with the casing (Ø298.5 mm). The filter section was drilled to a depth of 150.18 m with an eccentric drill bit (Ø237 mm) and simultaneously tubed with the casing (Ø219.1 mm). Furthermore, the calculations of losses of compressed air in individual segments of the drilling set are shown. Logging measurements, activation of the well with air-lift and pumping test are presented at the end. The logging measurement of the Mmu-2/19 production well is attached to the master’s thesis.

• Keywords: rotary percussion drilling, rotary percussion drilling and simultaneous casing of the borehole, pneumatic down the hole hammer, eccentric drill bit, compressed air