Značilnosti področja dela pri osebah z multiplo sklerozo : diplomsko delo

Hiti Stražišar, Ina (author), Lebar, Cecilija (mentor), Sicherl, Zorana (reviewer)

Uvod: Zaposlitev je pomemben del sodelovanja v skupnosti za vse ljudi, tudi osebe z multiplo sklerozo niso izjema. Ker za multiplo sklerozo zbolevajo predvsem mlajše osebe, ki so na začetku oz. na vrhuncu kariere, je razumevanje vpliva bolezni na življenje ključno. Potrebno je ugotoviti, kako simptomi vplivajo na ohranjanje, spremembo ali zapustitev delovnega mesta. Namen: Namen diplomskega dela je raziskati, kako so v literaturi opredeljene značilnosti okupacijskega področja dela pri osebah z multiplo sklerozo in kakšni so izsledki raziskav na tem področju. Namen je ugotoviti, do kakšnih sprememb na področju dela pride pri osebah z multiplo sklerozo in kaj so glavni vzroki le-teh. Metode dela: Uporabljena je bila deskriptivna raziskovalna metoda, in sicer pregled literature v slovenskem in angleškem jeziku, objavljene med letoma 2009 in 2019. V pregledu je bilo podrobno pregledanih in analiziranih 8 člankov. Rezultati: Rezultati raziskav kažejo, da je največkrat razlog za prenehanje z delom stopnjevanje simptomov multiple skleroze; utrudljivost, težave z vidom, motoriko in bolečine. Pri ohranjanju zaposlitve je pomemben odkrit dialog z delodajalcem. Za daljše delovno aktivno življenje je ključna zgodnja vključitev v poklicno rehabilitacijo in delovnoterapevtsko obravnavo, tako se težave na delovnem mestu lahko rešujejo sproti. Razprava in zaključek: Simptomi multiple skleroze so poglavitni razlog za zapustitev delovnega mesta ali potrebno uvajanje sprememb na delu. Dobro in pravočasno soočenje s simptomi je prvi korak k podaljšanju aktivnega življenja osebe z multiplo sklerozo. Sprememba na delovnem mestu je največkrat skrajšan delovni čas, sledijo prilagoditve na delovnem mestu in premestitev na lažje delovno mesto. Na dodatno poslabšanje simptomov bolezni vpliva tudi stres, ki se poveča ob strahu pred pogovorom z delodajalcem o diagnozi. Razkritje bolezni delodajalcu se je izkazalo kot pozitivno, saj je odstotek oseb z multiplo sklerozo, ki obdržijo delo, višji pri tistih, ki o svoji diagnozi seznanijo delodajalca. Delovni terapevt je eden od članov tima poklicne rehabilitacije. Usmerjen je v prilagoditev delovnega mesta osebi z multiplo sklerozo, tako da bo le-ta lahko obdržal delovno mesto (čim dlje) oz. da bo čim dlje delovno aktiven. Pri tem je pomembno stalno sodelovanje z osebo z multiplo sklerozo ter celotnim timom, ki ga obravnava.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: diplomska dela, delovna terapija, multipla skleroza, zaposlitev, delovno mesto, okupacija
• Work type: Bachelor thesis/paper
• Typology: 2.11 - Undergraduate Thesis
• Organization: ZF - Faculty of Health Sciences
• Place of publishing: Ljubljana
• Publisher: [I. Hiti Stražišar]
• Year: 2020
• Number of pages: 25 str., [4] str. pril.
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-120872
• UDC: 615.851
• COBISS.SI-ID: 29965571
• Publication date in RUL: 26.09.2020

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: Characteristics in the field of work for the people with multiple sclerosis : diploma work

Abstract

Introduction: Being employed is an important part of community participation and people with multiple sclerosis are not an exception. Understanding the impact of illness on an individual's work is the key, since there are young people getting diagnosed with multiple sclerosis who just started a career. It's very important to know how symptoms affect job retention or leaving the job. Work gives you a certain role, financial stability and affects all the aspects of our lives. Purpose: The purpose of the thesis was to review the literature on how the occupation changes in the field of work for the people with multiple sclerosis, what are the main changes in the area of work and which are the main reasons for those changes. Methods: A descriptive research approach with literature review was used. For review, articles published between 2009 and 2019 were used. 8 articles were reviewed and analysed in detail. Results: The results of the literature review have shown that the main reasons to stop working for people with multiple sclerosis are increased symptoms, such as fatigue, vision problems, motor problems and pain. Disclosure of diagnosis to employers is key for keeping the job. Early treatment and vocational rehabilitation intervention including occupational therapist also have a huge impact on keeping the job. Discussion and conclusion: Exacerbation of multiple sclerosis symptoms are a common reason for people's need to adjust working place or even leave the job. Multiple sclerosis symptom management is the key for staying active at work for longer time.. Working adjustments are most commonly seen as a change to part time work, transferring to easier work place or working place adjustments. Stress can also play a big role in worsening; fear of losing employment, fear of disclosure to employer for which there is proof that has a positive impact on job retention. The percentage of people with multiple sclerosis who continue to work employment is higher with those who reveal diagnosis to their employer. Vocational rehabilitation enables people to have access to quality intervention from occupational therapists. Constant team woking together with employer and person with multiple sclerosis is essential for staying active at woking place.

• Keywords: diploma theses, occupational therapy, multiple sclerosis, employment, work place, occupation