One of liver's functions is detoxification of endogenous and exogenous toxins, which exposes it to harmful hepatotoxic intermediates and reactive oxygen species that are a product of biotransformation reactions. Increased production of both can decrease membrane integrity and eventually cause necrosis of hepatocytes, which triggers the development of liver disease and increases their severity. The aim of this thesis was to use the existent scientific literature for studying liver biotransformation enzymes, identifying nutrients that protect the liver from oxidative stress and to conduct a thorough research on the effect of wholefoods, dietary supplements, phytonutrients and other food components on the activity of the liver biotransformation enzymes and on the levels of endogenous antioxidants in the liver. We have come to the conclusion that it is possible to protect the liver from oxidative stress with increasing the antioxidant potential of liver tissue, which contributes to normal liver function and its regeneration. It can be done with consuming wholefoods that are rich in vitamins, minerals, fiber and phytonutrients. A high intake of those is typical for the Mediterranean diet, which has been proven as beneficial for liver health. In addition, carefully chosen dietary supplements, such as vitamins, minerals, milk thistle, N-acetyl cysteine, omega-3 fatty acids (eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid), resveratrol and many others can protect the liver from hepatotoxins and support its regeneration. Nevertheless, dietary supplements are not necessary, however they can be used as an upgrade to an already healthy diet that supports normal liver function. Choosing the right dietary supplement and its dosage takes a lot of knowledge of liver enzyme systems and it is essential for preventing their possible counterproductive effect. Therefore, it is recommended to seek doctor's, pharmacist's and clinical dietitian's advice before taking any dietary supplement.
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