Primerjava kazenskopravnega sistema Tajvana in Kitajske

Ravnik, Uroš (author), Istenič, Saša (mentor)

Diplomsko delo primerja kazenskopravna sistema Tajvana in Kitajske. Ukvarja se z vprašanjem, kako se sistema primerjata in kakšne so podobnosti in razlike. Oba sistema imata podobnosti, saj oba temeljita na civilnem pravu, vendar pa obstajajo tudi razlike. Oba sistema imata težave z zaupanjem, kar so poskušali rešiti z več reformami, vendar ne najbolj uspešno. Oba sistema imata tudi smrtno kazen, vendar se razlikuje v številu usmrtitev in metodi usmrtitve. Kitajski sistem nima toliko neodvisnosti kot tajvanski sistem, kar ga bolj omejuje. Kitajski sistem uporablja sistem sodelovanja laikov, kjer navadni ljudje sodelujejo v sojenju. Takšnega sistema na Tajvanu nimajo. Že več let si ga želijo uvesti, vendar neuspešno. Z uvedbo takega sistema želijo izboljšati zaupanje v sistem. Prav tako so primerljive vloge sodstva, policije in tožilstva. Večje razlike se pojavijo v procesu sojenja. V obeh sistemih so tradicionalno inkvizitornemu modelu sojenja dodali elemente adversarnega sistema, kar je delno spremenilo vlogo udeležencev sojenja in je dokazno breme o krivdi prevalilo na tožilca. S tem so tudi odvetniki dobili večjo vlogo v sojenju. Odvetniki pa imajo na Kitajskem veliko slabši položaj, saj so zelo omejeni, kaj lahko storijo in katere primere lahko jemljejo. Prav tako so na Kitajskem omejeni sodniki, saj mora pri resnih primerih njihovo odločitev potrditi razsodni odbor sodišča. Kitajska policija ima več moči kot pa policisti na Tajvanu, prav tako imajo tudi slabše pogoje dela in slabšo usposobljenost.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: kitajska, tajvan, kazenskopravni sistem, primerjava, smrtna kazen
• Work type: Bachelor thesis/paper
• Organization: FF - Faculty of Arts
• Year: 2020
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-119744
• Publication date in RUL: 11.09.2020

RAVNIK, Uroš, 2020, Primerjava kazenskopravnega sistema Tajvana in Kitajske [online]. Bachelor’s thesis. [Accessed 23 April 2025]. Retrieved from: https://repozitorij.uni-lj.si/IzpisGradiva.php?lang=eng&id=119744

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: A comparison of the criminal justice system in Taiwan and in China

Abstract

The dissertation deals with the comparison of criminal justice systems in Taiwan and China. It deals with the question of how the two systems are compared and what similarities and differences they have. Both systems have similarities, as both are based on civil law, but there are also differences. Both systems have problems with trust and confidence, which they have tried to solve with several reforms, but neither were successful. Both systems also have the death penalty, but differ in the number and method of executions. The Chinese system does not have as much independence as the judiciary in the Taiwanese system, which poses certain limitations. The Chinese system uses a lay assessor system, where lay people are used as lay assessors in the trial. While they do not have such a system in Taiwan, they have been trying to introduce it for many years. By introducing such a system, they want to improve confidence and trust in the system. The roles of the judiciary, police and prosecutors are also comparable. But differences occur in the trial process. In both systems, elements of the adversarial system were added to the traditional inquisitorial model of trial, which partially changed the role of trial participants and shifted the burden of proof of guilt onto the prosecutor. This also gave lawyers a bigger role in the trial. Lawyers, however, have a much worse position in China, as they are very limited in what they can do and which cases they can take. Chinese judges are also limited, since in serious cases, the final decision is in the hand of the Adjudication Committee . The Chinese police have more power than the police officers in Taiwan, and they also have poorer working conditions and poorer training.

• Keywords: china, taiwan, criminal justice system, comparison, death penalty