Ampelografija in sortna ampelotehnika žlahtne vinske trte (Vitis vinifera L.) sorte 'Istrska malvazija'

Sanabor, Petra (author), Rusjan, Denis (mentor)

Sorta 'Istrska malvazija' je tradicionalna sorta vinorodne dežele Primorska, kjer je med belimi sortami najbolj zastopa žlahtno vinsko trto. Zasajena je na 967,7 ha in več kot polovico vseh zasajenih površin s to sorto je v vinorodnem okolišu Slovenska Istra. Sorto tradicionalno gojijo tudi na Hrvaškem in v Italiji. Zaradi podobnosti v imenu obstaja več domnev o izvoru sorte. Sorti 'Istrska malvazija' ustreza gojitvena oblika sylvoz, v Sloveniji pa je največ imamo na gojitveni obliki enojni guyot in casarsa. Za doseganje želene kakovosti grozdja in vina je, zaradi bujnosti in velike rodnosti sorte, potrebno v vinogradu izvajati ustrezne agro-ampelotehnične ukrepe. Z razlistanjem trt v zgodnji fazi, ko so jagode velikosti zrn prosa, naj bi se povečal pridelek. Po izvedenem ukrepu razlistanja tik ob začetku zorenja naj bi grozdje imelo višji pH, zmanjšala pa naj bi se vsebnost kislin, ter povečala vsebnost sladkorjev, v primerjavi z grozdjem s trt, kjer ni bila izvedeno razlistanje. Povprečno kakovost grozdja sorte 'Istrska malvazija' lahko opišemo z vsebnostjo topne suhe snovi 20,5 °Brix, skupnih kislih med 5,0 in 8,0 g/l in pH 3,47. Vino istrska malvazija ima povprečno 12,8 vol. % alkohola, med 5,3 in 6,2 g/l skupnih kislin, med 3,3 in 3,5 pH in 22,8 g/l skupnega ekstrakta. Grozdje sorte 'Istrska malvazija' omogoča pridelavo mirnih, suhih, sladkih in tudi penečih vin, kar primorski vinarji s pridom izkoriščajo.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: vinska trta, vinogradništvo, ampelografija, grozdje, vino, kakovost, 'Istrska malvazija'
• Work type: Bachelor thesis/paper
• Typology: 2.11 - Undergraduate Thesis
• Organization: BF - Biotechnical Faculty
• Publisher: [P. Sanabor]
• Year: 2020
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-119559
• UDC: 634.852:631.526.32:631.524.6(043.2)
• COBISS.SI-ID: 27838211
• Publication date in RUL: 10.09.2020

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: Ampelography and varietal ampelotechnics of grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.) 'Istrska malvazija'

Abstract

'Istrska malvazija' is a traditional grapevine variety in the Primorska winegrowing region, where it presents, taking into account all white varieties, the main variety. It is cultivated on 967.7 ha, more than a half of all vineyards areas are located in Slovenska Istra winegrowing district. However, the variety is cultivated also in Croatia and Italy. Due to several varieties and wines with the denomination “malvasia”, the origin of the variety is still uncertain. The most suitable training system for the variety is sylvoz, but in Slovenia most of the vines 'Istrska malvazija' are trained on single guyot and casarsa. Due to the high vigour and fertility of the variety, several agro-ampelotechnic measures have to be conducted in order to achieve higher grape and wine quality. With early defoliation, when the berries are in the size of millet grains, an increase of the yield is expected. After defoliation at veraison, higher pH, lower acidity and higher sugar contents in grape are expected, in comparison to the grapes from vines without defoliation. The average grape quality of the 'Istrska malvazija' can be characterised by soluble solids content 20.5 °Brix, total acidity between 5.0 and 8.0 g/l and pH 3.47. Istrska malvazija wine has an average of 12.8 % vol. of alcohol, between 5.3 and 6.2 g/l of total acidity, pH between 3.3 and 3.5 and the content of total extract around 22.8 g/l. The grape of 'Istrska malvazija' is used for the production of still, dry, sweet and also sparkling wines, which is traditionally exploited by winegrowers and winemakers.

• Keywords: grapevine, viticulture, ampelography, grape, wine, quality, 'Istrska malvazija'