Razvoj aplikacij na platformi Ethereum in pregled ekosistema decentraliziranih aplikacij

BRVAR, GAŠPER (author), Kukar, Matjaž (mentor)

Decentralizirana globalna valuta, kot je Bitcoin, je poleg cenovne špekulacije za uporabnike privlačna zaradi svoje neodvisne narave. Omrežje ne cenzurira uporabnikov in omogoča globalne transakcije. Ethereum je platforma, ki to idejo kriptovalute nadgradi. Omogoča obstoj pametnih pogodb, determinističnih nespremenljivih programov, ki jih lahko kdorkoli uporablja – njihova koda in pretekle interakcije z njimi pa so javno dostopne. Pametne pogodbe omogočajo reprezentacijo dolarja z žetonom na Ethereum verigi, menjavo sredstev, posojanje in izposojanje denarja itd., vse brez centralne entitete, ki ji moramo zaupati. Cilj naloge je bil ustvariti pametno pogodbo, ki bi poenostavila investicijo v Ethereum ekosistem. Pogodba implementira finančni indeks najbolj vrednih Ethereum žetonov, v katerega lahko kdorkoli vloži denar. Kljub težnji po decentralizaciji ima pogodba centralno točko odpovedi, saj ima le njen lastnik pravico dodajanja ali odstranjevanja žetonov iz indeksa. Za lažji pregled in uporabo indeksa pa je bila izdelana tudi spletna stran. Čeprav uporaba Ethereum verige raste, je ta omejena zaradi slabe skalabilnost omrežja, kar povzroča vedno višje cene transakcij. Razvoj je pravtako otežen zaradi nevarnosti denarnih izgub, ki lahko nastanejo zaradi napak pri programiranju.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: Ethereum, pametne pogodbe, ekosistem decentraliziranih aplikacij
• Work type: Bachelor thesis/paper
• Typology: 2.11 - Undergraduate Thesis
• Organization: FRI - Faculty of Computer and Information Science ; FMF - Faculty of Mathematics and Physics
• Year: 2020
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-119550
• COBISS.SI-ID: 29098755
• Publication date in RUL: 09.09.2020

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: Developing applications on Ethereum platform and review of decentralized applications ecosystem

Abstract

Besides price speculation, the global decentralized currency Bitcoin is attractive for its users because of its independent nature. The network is censorship-resistant and allows for cross-border transactions. Ethereum is a platform that upgrades on this aspect of cryptocurrencies. It enables smart contracts - deterministic, immutable programs that anyone can use and which past interactions and current state are visible to all. Smart contracts allow for applications such as the representation of the dollar on Ethereum, exchange of assets, lending and borrowing, etc. all without a central authority that needs to be trusted. The aim of this bachelor’s degree is to create a decentralized application that will simplify investments in the Ethereum ecosystem. Although the contract was written with decentralization in mind it has a central point of failure because only the owner has the right to add or remove tokens from the index. For easier overview and investment in the index a website is made. Even though the usage of the Ethereum platform is rising the network is limited by its poor scalability which is causing increasingly higher transaction costs. Development is also more challenging as mistakes can lead to financial losses.

• Keywords: Ethereum, smart contracts, decentralized application ecosystem