This bachelor thesis explores the historical-ideological component of the mental state, which up to the 19th century, was known as melancholy. Using the genealogical method I want to explore how today's neurochemical explanation has been formulated, in order to help us understand today's endemic dimensions of depression. A historical analysis of the concepts and practices of dominant ideas in society shows that a different understanding is possible and perhaps a more meaningful one Melancholy has been interpreted differently throughout history - as a character, as a mood; today, from the point of view of psychiatric science, which has a certain position of authority in society, it is regarded as a disease, for which the depressed person alone is primarily responsible for recovery. Through an analysis of the neoliberal govermentality I want to show that such an understanding is arbitrary and epochal.
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