Točnost merjenja temperature človeškega telesa s čelnimi termometri

MUSTAFIĆ, BENJAMIN (author), Pušnik, Igor (mentor)

Namen diplomskega dela je bilo preveriti točnost merjenja temperature človeškega telesa s čelnimi termometri. Normalna telesna temperatura je eden izmed vitalnih znakov, med drugim pa je normalna telesna temperatura pogoj za normalno celično presnovo in delovanje organizma kot celote. Za uravnavanje telesne temperature skrbi hipotalamus, izmenjava toplote pa se vrši skozi kožo, ki je največji človeški organ. Kadar je produkcija in oddajanje toplote v ravnovesju, govorimo o toplotnem ravnovesju. V Uvodu je na kratko predstavljeno, kaj se dogaja s človeško temperaturo tekom dneva, kaj jo nadzoruje in kako sem preveril točnost delovanja termometra. V poglavju z naslovom Sevanje je predstavljeno teoretično ozadje, da vsako telo, ki ima temperaturo višjo od absolutne ničle, seva. Predstavljeni so trije načini, s katerimi se širi toplota in lastnosti črnega telesa. V poglavju Temperatura je slednja predstavljena kot ena izmed osnovnih fizikalnih veličin. Podrobno je opisana telesna temperatura človeka, vzrok povišane telesne temperature in spreminjanje temperaturnih lestvic skozi čas. V poglavju Termometer smo le-te razdelili v dve skupini: kontaktni in brezkontaktni klinični termometri. Opisan je način rokovanja z njimi in predstavljeni so termometri, ki sem jih uporabljal pri meritvah za diplomsko delo. V predzadnjem poglavju z naslovom Analiza meritev je predstavljen postopek, ki je bil uporabljen pri praktičnem delu diplomskega dela. V nadaljevanju so prikazani grafi korekcij. V Zaključku so povzete ugotovitve na podlagi meritev ter na kakšne probleme lahko naletimo pri meritvah.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: točnost merjenja temperature, klinični termometer, telesna temperatura človeka, toplotno sevanje, meritve.
• Work type: Bachelor thesis/paper
• Organization: FE - Faculty of Electrical Engineering
• Year: 2020
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-119132
• Publication date in RUL: 03.09.2020

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: Accuracy of human body temperature measurements with forehead thermometers

Abstract

The purpose of the diploma thesis was to check the accuracy of the measuring the temperature of the human body with forehead thermometers. Normal body temperature is one of the vital signs. Among other things, normal body temperature is a condition for normal cellular metabolism and functioning of the organism as a whole. The hypothalamus regulates body temperature, and heat exchange takes place through the skin, which is the largest human organ. When heat production and emission is in equilibrium, we speak of thermal equilibrium. The Introduction briefly presents what happens to the human temperature during the day, what controls it and how I checked the accuracy of the thermometer. The chapter titled Radiation presents the theoretical background, that any body that has a temperature higher than the absolute zero, radiates heat. Three ways of body heat propagation are presented and black body properties. In the chapter Temperature, the latter is presented as one of the basic physical quantities. The body temperature of a human, the cause of fever and the change of the temperature scales over time are described in detail. In the Thermometer section, they were divided into two groups: contact and noncontact clinical thermometers. The method of their handling is described and the thermometers that I used in the measurements for my diploma presented. The penultimate chapter titled Measurement Analysis presents the procedure used in the practical part of the diploma thesis. The correction graphs are presented. The Conclusion summarizes the findings based on the measurements, and what problems we may encounter in the measurements.

• Keywords: accuracy of temperature measurement, clinical thermometer, human body temperature, heat radiation, measurements.