Dejavniki delovnega mesta in razjeda zaradi pritiska pri osebah s paraplegijo : diplomsko delo

Prevec, Janja (author), Plemelj Mohorič, Alenka (mentor), Grabner, Petra (co-mentor), Gričar, Nevenka (reviewer)

Uvod: Po okvari hrbtenjače zaposlitev še vedno predstavlja pomemben del življenjskega delovanja. Kljub njenim pozitivnim učinkom, se številni zaposleni s paraplegijo srečujejo z ovirami pri ohranjanju delovnega mesta. Eden najpogostejših razlogov za prekinitev zaposlitve je razjeda zaradi pritiska. Prilagoditev dejavnikov delovnega mesta je del obravnave za preprečevanje razjed zaradi pritiska. Namen: Namen diplomskega dela je proučiti razliko v pojavnosti razjed glede prilagoditve delovnega mesta. Zanimalo nas je ali je število pripomočkov za razbremenjevanje povezano s številom razjed. Prikazati smo želeli vlogo delovnega terapevta pri preprečevanju razjed. Metode dela: Uporabili smo kvantitativni raziskovalni pristop. Izbran je bil namenski vzorec, katerega je zajemalo 29 oseb s paraplegijo, ki so ustrezale vključitvenim kriterijem: imajo več kot 18 let, uporabljajo invalidski voziček na ročni pogon in so v delovnem razmerju ali opravljajo delo po mandatni pogodbi. Podatki so bili pridobljeni preko anketnega vprašalnika. Rezultati: Raziskava je pokazala razliko v številu razjed med preiskovanci, ki imajo možnost večjega števila odmorov in tistimi, ki le-te nimajo. Večje število odmorov se je v naši raziskavi izkazalo kot dejavnik tveganja za razjedo. Razlika v številu razjed glede na možnost fleksibilnega delovnega časa med preiskovanci se ni izkazala. Razlike v številu razjed pri možnosti dela od doma ni bilo. Povezanost v številu razjed z uporabo pripomočkov na delovnem mestu ni bila izkazana. Povprečne ocene preiskovancev so pokazale na prepoznan doprinos delovnega terapevta pri preprečevanju razjed zaradi pritiska. Razprava in zaključek: Po okvari hrbtenjače je pomembno, da osebe s paraplegijo ohranijo zaposlitev. Ne glede na število in vrsto prilagoditev ter podporne tehnologije na delovnem mestu, je za preprečevanje razjede še vedno najbolj odločilno preventivno vedenje. Delovnoterapevtske storitve preprečevanja razjed v okviru akutne rehabilitacije so dobro prepoznane in učinkovite. Samostojna vožnja omogoča lažje ohranjanje zaposlitve kot tudi zdravstvenega stanja, zato se je potrebno v prihodnosti osredotočiti na razvoj delovne terapije na področju predelave vozil.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: diplomska dela, delovna terapija, zaposlitev, prilagoditve, paraplegija, sekundarni zdravstveni zapleti
• Work type: Bachelor thesis/paper
• Typology: 2.11 - Undergraduate Thesis
• Organization: ZF - Faculty of Health Sciences
• Place of publishing: Ljubljana
• Publisher: [J. Prevec]
• Year: 2020
• Number of pages: 31 str., [16] str. pril.
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-119091
• UDC: 615.851
• COBISS.SI-ID: 27124227
• Publication date in RUL: 03.09.2020

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: Workplace factors and pressure ulcer among people with paraplegia : diploma work

Abstract

Introduction: After a spinal cord injury the employment still presents an important part of life priorities. Despite its positive effects, many employed people with paraplegia come across obstacles to keeping their employment. One of the most frequent reasons for the termination of employment is pressure ulcer. Adjustment of workplace factors is part of the intervention for preventing pressure ulcers. Purpose: The purpose of the thesis is to examine the difference in the occurrence of pressure ulcers regarding the adjustments of the workplace. We were interested in whether the number of pressure-relieving devices relates to the number of pressure ulcers. We wanted to show the role of occupational therapists in prevention of pressure ulcers. Methods: We used quantitative research method. A purposive sample was chosen, represented by 29 subjects with paraplegia that fit the inclusion criteria: older than 18, use a manual wheelchair, and are employed regularly or with a mandate contract. The data was acquired through a survey questionnaire. Results: The research showed there was a difference in the number of pressure ulcers among the subjects that have the option of more breaks and those who do not have this possibility. More breaks have turned out to be a risk factor for pressure ulcers in our research. There was no difference in the number of pressure ulcers relating to the option of flexible work time among our subjects. There was no difference in the number of pressure ulcers and the possibility of work from home. The research also did not show a correlation in the number of pressure ulcers among the subjects and usage of pressure-relieving devices at workplace. The average assessments of the subjects showed a significant contribution of the occupational therapist in prevention of pressure ulcers. Discussion and conclusion: After a spinal cord injury it is important that people with paraplegia keep their employment. Regardless of the number and type of adjustments, and support technology at workplace the preventive behavior of the person with paraplegia is still the decisive factor. Occupational therapy services within acute rehabilitation are well known and effective. Independent driving enables easier keeping of employment as well as health condition, so in the future it is necessary to focus on the development of occupational therapy in the field of vehicle conversion.

• Keywords: diploma theses, occupational therapy, employment, adjustments, paraplegia, secondary health complications