Zdravstvena tveganja zaposlenih pri delu v zobnem laboratoriju : diplomsko delo

Hribar, Manca (author), Rojko, Franc (mentor), Lampe, Tomaž (reviewer)

Uvod: Pri delu v zobnem laboratoriju se zaposleni srečujejo s številnimi nevarnostmi, ki imajo negativne vplive na zdravje. Poleg nevarnih kemičnih snovi, ki se uporabljajo in sproščajo med procesi dela v zobnem laboratoriju, predstavljajo nevarnost tudi neustrezni delovni pogoji in nepravilna zaščita zaposlenih pri delu. Zaposleni v zobnem laboratoriju so večino delovnega časa izpostavljeni kemičnim, fizičnim, ergonomskim, biološkim in psihosocialnim nevarnostim. Namen: Namen diplomskega dela je pregled različnih nevarnosti, s katerimi se dnevno srečujejo zaposleni v zobnih laboratorijih, in opis bolezni, ki jih te nevarnosti lahko povzročijo. Naš cilj je ugotoviti, če se zaposleni v zobnih laboratorijih zavedajo, s kakšnimi nevarnostmi dnevno rokujejo in kakšne so lahko posledice nepravilne uporabe. Metode dela: V teoretičnem delu diplomskega dela smo uporabili deskriptivno metodo dela. Glavni vir informacij je strokovna literatura, ki je objavljena v strokovnih in znanstvenih revijah ter knjigah. Literaturo smo iskali s pomočjo knjižnic in strokovnih baz, kot so Cobiss, PubMed, Google Učenjak, Science Direct in ReasearchGate. Prav tako je bila uporabljena kavzalno-neeksperimentalna metoda. V praktičnem delu smo v zobnem laboratoriju izdelali kovinsko-porcelanski mostiček iz Co-Cr zlitine, pri čemer smo se poskušali izogniti oziroma zmanjšati nevarnosti med postopki izdelave z uporabo ustreznih zaščitnih sredstev in tehnologije CAD/CAM. Rezultati: Z raziskavo smo ugotovili, da večina zaposlenih v zobnih laboratorijih posveča premalo pozornosti biološkim nevarnostim, predvsem s preventivno uporabo zaščitnih rokavic pri poliranju s plovcem in pri čiščenju uniforme doma, kar lahko privede do navzkrižne kontaminacije. Prav tako v majhnem številu zobnih laboratorijev dnevno poskrbijo za čiste in razkužene delovne površine, kar je ključnega pomena pri preprečevanju prenosa mikroorganizmov. Razprava in zaključek: Narava dela v zobnem laboratoriju je takšna, da se zaposleni dnevno srečujejo s širokim spektrom potencialnih nevarnosti in imajo s tem povečano dovzetnost za številne poklicne bolezni in poškodbe. Preventivni ukrepi, kot je uporaba zaščitnih sredstev, in izobraževanja na področju varnosti pri delu so tako ključnega pomena za varno delo v zobnem laboratoriju.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: diplomska dela, laboratorijska zobna protetika, poklicna tveganja, nevarnosti za zdravje, okužbe, zaščitna sredstva
• Work type: Bachelor thesis/paper
• Typology: 2.11 - Undergraduate Thesis
• Organization: ZF - Faculty of Health Sciences
• Place of publishing: Ljubljana
• Publisher: [M. Hribar]
• Year: 2020
• Number of pages: 48 str., [14] str. pril.
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-119055
• UDC: 616.31
• COBISS.SI-ID: 27078915
• Publication date in RUL: 02.09.2020

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: Health risks of dental laboratory employees : diploma work

Abstract

Introduction: Dental laboratory employees face different threats that have a negative impact on their health. In addition to chemical substances, used and released during work processes in the dental laboratory, unsatisfactory work conditions and incorrect protection of dental laboratory employees also pose a risk. During their working time, the employees are mostly subject to chemical, physical, ergonomic, biological and psychosocial threats. Aim: The aim of the paper is to overview different threats faced daily by dental laboratory employees and describe the diseases that can be caused by such threats. Our goal is to determine whether dental laboratory employees are aware of the risks they are subject to daily and the consequences of incorrect use of certain substances. Work methods: In the theoretical part of the paper, the descriptive work method is used. The main source of information is specialised literature published in specialised and scientific journals and books. The literature was obtained using libraries and databases, such as Cobiss, PubMed, Google Scholar, Science Direct and ReasearchGate. The causal non-experimental method was also used. In the empirical part of the paper, we made a Co-Cr alloy bridge from steel and porcelain. We tried to avoid or reduce the threats that can arise in the manufacturing process using appropriate protective means and the CAD/CAM technology. Results: In the research, we determined that most of the dental laboratory employees pay too little attention to biological threats, especially those connected to the preventive use of protective gloves in using a pumice stone and in cleaning their uniform at home, which can lead to cross-contamination. Moreover, only a small number of dental laboratories clean and disinfect work surfaces daily, which is of key importance in preventing the transmission of microorganisms. Discussion and conclusion: Dental laboratory employees daily face a wide spectrum of potential threats and are thus more prone to different occupational diseases and injuries. Preventive measures, such as the use of protective means and trainings in the field of occupational safety, are essential as they ensure safe working conditions in dental laboratories.

• Keywords: diploma theses, laboratory dental prosthetics, occupational hazards, health threats, infections, protective means