Imunomodulatorne lastnosti mezenhimskih matičnih celic in njihova potencialna uporaba v medicini

Belak, Monika (author), Ogorevc, Jernej (mentor)

Mezenhimske matične celice (MMC) so multipotentne celice s sposobnostjo samoobnavljanja in multilinijske diferenciacije. Morfološko in fenotipsko so zelo raznolika populacija in se nahajajo skoraj v vseh tkivih. Vse bolj pomembne postajajo zaradi njihovih nedavno odkritih imunomodulatornih lastnosti, ki so posledica interakcij z imunskimi celicami prirojenega in pridobljenega imunskega sistema. Izločajo številne bioaktivne molekule, predvsem citokine, rastne dejavnike in kemokine, ki vplivajo na različne fiziološke procese. MMC lahko prav tako migrirajo na mesta vnetij, kjer delujejo imunosupresivno in protivnetno ter sodelujejo v postopkih popravljanja tkiv. Modulirajo lahko številne funkcije aktiviranih celic T, celic B naravnih celic ubijalk (NK), dendritičnih celic (DC) in makrofagov. Ker so nizko imunogene, ponujajo odlične terapevtske možnosti, tudi za zdravljenje avtoimunskih bolezni z imunomodulacijo. Zdravljenje z MMC trenutno preizkušajo za bolezni kot so multipla skleroza (MS), Crohnova bolezen (CD), bolezen presadka proti gostitelju (GVHD), sistematični lupus eritematozus (SLE) in sladkorna bolezen tipa 1.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: mezenhimske matične celice, imunski sistem, imunomodulatorne lastnosti, medicinska uporaba
• Work type: Bachelor thesis/paper
• Typology: 2.11 - Undergraduate Thesis
• Organization: BF - Biotechnical Faculty
• Publisher: [M. Belak]
• Year: 2020
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-118642
• UDC: 602.9:611.018:577.27(043.2)
• COBISS.SI-ID: 27510531
• Publication date in RUL: 29.08.2020

BELAK, Monika, 2020, Imunomodulatorne lastnosti mezenhimskih matičnih celic in njihova potencialna uporaba v medicini [online]. Bachelor’s thesis. M. Belak. [Accessed 15 April 2025]. Retrieved from: https://repozitorij.uni-lj.si/IzpisGradiva.php?lang=eng&id=118642

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: Immunomodulatory characeristics of mesenchymal stem cells and their potential use in medicine

Abstract

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are multipotent stem cells with self-renewal and multilineage differentiation properties. They exist in almost all tissues and are a very diverse populations in regard to morphology and phenotypes. MSCs are becoming more and more important, because of their recently discovered immunomodulatory properties, resulting from interactions with cells of innate and adaptive immune systems. MSCs secrete various bioactive molecules, such as cytokines, growth factors and chemokines, which affect various physiological processes. MSCs can also migrate to sites of inflammation, where they can act immunosuppressive and anti-inflammatory and are involved in tissue repair. MSCs can modulate various functions of activated T cells, B cells, natural killer cells (NK), dendritic cells (DC) and macrophages. Because MSCs are non-immunogenic, they have an excellent therapeutic potential and could be used for allogenic treatment of autoimmune diseases, using immunomodulation. At present MSCs therapies are being tested for treatment of various diseases, such as multiple sclerosis (MS), Crohn's disease (CD), graft-versus-host disease (GVHD), systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and type 1 diabetes.

• Keywords: mesenchymal stem cells, immune system, immunomodulatory properties, medical use