In addition to teleosts, amphibians have one of the greatest regenerative potential among vertebrates. Some amphibian representatives are able to regenerate lost or damaged tissues and organs into new functional tissues and organs. Some of the tissues that have great regenerative potential are limbs, retina, heart ventricle, spinal cord and some other tissues. Their regenerative ability is especially interesting for us because higher developed vertebrates, mammals, do not have such regenerative ability. This can be problematic for people, especially in the medical field, after various major injuries, inflammations and other (urgent) conditions, as recovery can be long, exhausting and even incomplete. Knowing the factors and cellular mechanisms that allow amphibians such a high regenerative capacity could thus facilitate the healing processes of various tissues. So far, it has been evaluated that the number of stem cells in the body, dedifferential and transdifferential potential, expression of specific genes, development of the immune response and some epigenetic regulators are related to the regeneration process. Quite a few studies have already been done in the field of studying the mechanisms and factors involved in the regeneration process, but certain factors in another organism (even in another amphibian) can either have regenerative response or even supress the regenerative proces. Some studies have also been transferred to mammalian cells, but studies on the whole organisms will also be required for the possible transfer of knowledge to clinical practice in the future.
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